Nobel Lectures in Physics (2011-2015) -

. .

Résumé :
This volume is a collection of the Nobel lectures delivered by the prizewinners, together with their biographies and the presentation speeches by Nobel Committee members for the period 2011 - 2015. The criterion for the Physics award is to the discoverer of a physical phenomenon that changed our views, or to the inventor of a new physical process that gave enormous benefits to either science at large or to the public. The biographies are interesting to read and the Nobel lectures provide detailed explanations of the phenomena for which the Laureates were awarded the Nobel Prize. List of prizewinners and their award citations: (2011) Saul Perlmutter, Brian P Schmidt and Adam G Riess for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae (2012) Serge Haroche and David J Wineland for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems (2013) Fran?ois Englert and Peter W Higgs for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (2014) Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources (2015) Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B McDonald for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass.