Semantics in Mobile Sensing - Dipanjan Chakraborty

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Résumé :
The dramatic progress of smartphone technologies has ushered in a new era of mobile sensing, where traditional wearable on-body sensors are being rapidly superseded by various embedded sensors in our smartphones. For example, a typical smartphone today, has at the very least a GPS, WiFi, Bluetooth, triaxial accelerometer, and gyroscope. Alongside, new accessories are emerging such as proximity, magnetometer, barometer, temperature, and pressure sensors. Even the default microphone can act as an acoustic sensor to track noise exposure for example. These sensors act as a lens to understand the user's context along different dimensions. Data can be passively collected from these sensors without interrupting the user. As a result, this new era of mobile sensing has fueled significant interest in understanding what can be extracted from such sensor data both instantaneously as well as considering volumes of time series from these sensors. For example, GPS logs can be used to determine automatically the significant places associated to a user's life (e.g., home, office, shopping areas). The logs may also reveal travel patterns, and how a user moves from one place to another (e.g., driving or using public transport). These may be used to proactively inform the user about delays, relevant promotions from shops, in his regular route. Similarly, accelerometer logs can be used to measure a user's average walking speed, compute step counts, gait identification, and estimate calories burnt per day. The key objective is to provide better services to end users. The objective of this book is to inform the reader of the methodologies and techniques for extracting meaningful information (called semantics) from sensors on our smartphones. These techniques form the cornerstone of several application areas utilizing smartphone sensor data. We discuss technical challenges and algorithmic solutions for modeling and mining knowledge from smartphone-resident sensor data streams. This book devotes two chapters to dive deep into a set of highly available, commoditized sensors---the positioning sensor (GPS) and motion sensor (accelerometer). Furthermore, this book has a chapter devoted to energy-efficient computation of semantics, as battery life is a major concern on user experience.

Biographie:
Zhixian Yan works as a research staff member at Samsung Research America, located in San Jose, California, USA. Before joining Samsung, he was a postdoctoral researcher at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland, where he also received his Ph.D. in Computer Sciences in 2011. His primary research interests include mobile sensing, mobile data management and data mining, wearable and mobile computing, semantic web, and web services. He has published over 30 peer-reviewed papers in top conferences and journals. He has received three best paper awards (including nominations or honorable mention) at MobiDE'12, ISWC'12, and MDM'12, respectively. He serves on the technical committee of several intentional conferences/workshops and journals. ?e work for this book was conducted while Zhixian was affiliated with EPFL. Dipanjan Chakraborty is a Senior Researcher at IBM Research India. He has over 14 years of experience in research and innovation. His traditional research interests are in mobile and context-aware computing and services, social networks, and sensor networks. Of late, he is focus ing on mobile sensing and community-oriented sensing and analytics. To date, he has co-authored around 80 peer-reviewed publications and his work has received around 3000 citations. He has filed 21 patents and 8 issued patents. At IBM, he has received multiple research division accom plishment awards for his work in the area of context-aware computing. He has been involved in organizing several international conferences and workshops in his area such as Mobile Data Management, Percom, Comsnets, and the International Conference on Pervasive Services...

Sommaire:
Acknowledgments.- Introduction.- Semantic Trajectories from Positioning Sensors.- Semantic Activities from Motion Sensors.- Energy-Efficient Computation of Semantics from Sensors.- Conclusion.- Bibliography.- Authors' Biographies .