Applied Mechanical Design - Grous, Ammar

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Résumé :

Preface xiii

Introduction xv

Chapter 1 Case Study-based Design Methodology 1

1.1 Methodology for designing a project product 1

1.2 Main players involved in the design process 2

1.3 Conceptualization and creativity 4

1.4 Functional analysis in design: the FAST method 4

1.4.1 Decision-support tools in design 5

1.5 Functional specifications (FS) 7

1.5.1 Operational functions, using the APTE method or octopus diagram 8

1.5.2 Linguistic (or syntactical) writing of the functional specifications 10

1.6 Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis 10

1.7 PERT method 13

1.7.1 Logic of construction of the graph per level of operations 14

1.7.2 Statistical approach to the PERT diagram using the Gamma distribution 16

1.8 The Gantt method (Henry Gantt's graph, devised 1910) 17

1.9 Principal functions of a product 20

1.10 Functional analysis in mechanical design 21

1.10.1 Product cost in mechanical design 22

1.10.2 Creation- and monitoring sheets in mechanical design 22

1.11 Scientific writing on a project 28

1.11.1 Project process 28

1.11.2 Development of the conceptual model 29

1.11.3 Development (recap) on a spiral model 30

1.12 Esthetics of materials in mechanical design 30

1.13 Conclusion 31

Chapter 2 Materials and Geometry in Applied Mechanical Design, Followed by Case Studies 33

2.1 Introduction to materials in design 33

2.2 Optimization of mass in mechanical design 38

2.3 Case study of modeling based on the material-geometry couple 39

2.4 Geometry by standard sections in strength of materials 42

2.4.1 Choice of materials in design (airplanes and bikes) 46

2.4.2 Form factors ? of some usual cross-sections 49

2.4.3 Form factors in mechanical design 50

2.5 Case study of design of multi-purpose items 51

2.6 Case study of superposed bimetallic materials 55

2.7 Curving and incurvate elements by sweeping of sheet metals 58

2.7.1 Sensible choice of optimizing materials in Palmer micrometers 59

2.8 Conclusion 60

Chapter 3 Geometrical Specification of GPS and ISO Products: Case Studies of Hertzian Contacts 63

3.1 Introduction 63

3.2 Dimensional and geometrical tolerances in design 65

3.2.1 Case study of a bicycle wheel hub 67

3.3 Envelopes and cylinders under pressure (for R/e < 20) 72

3.4 Case study 76

3.5 Rotating cylinders with a full round cross-section: flywheel 76

3.5.1 Materials used for flywheels with centrifugal effects 78

3.6 Press fit and thermal effects through bracing 80

3.7 Case study applied to bolted tanks 83

3.8 Case studies applied to contact stresses (Hertz) in design 89

3.8.1 First case: sphere-to-sphere contact 90

3.8.2 Second case: contact between two parallel cylinders 93

3.9 Conclusion 96

Chapter 4 Design of Incurvate Geometries by Sweeping 97

4.1 Introduction 97

4.2 Case studies 99

4.2.1 Case study 1: frame sweeping 99

4.2.2 Case study 2: frame sweeping 101

4.2.3 Case study 3: frame sweeping 104

4.2.4 Case study 4: frame sweeping 106

4.2.5 Case study 5: example of a connecting rod of SAE 8650 109

4.2.6 Case study 6: swept double elbow 111

4.2.7 Case study 7: frame sweeping 113

4.3 Conclusion 115

Chapter 5 Principles for Calculations in Mechanical Design: Theory and Problems Strength of Materials in Constructions 117

5.1 Essential criteria of constructions in design 117

5.1.1 Stress intensificatio...

Biographie:
?₀ = 1 and c = 2.25 201

6.4.2 Case study: system with free vibrations 202

6.4.3 Case study: problem with solution and discussion 204

6.4.4 Case study: problem 3 with solution 206

6.4.5 Case study: problem 2 Engine represented on two springs 207

6.4.6 Case study based on a concrete problem with solution 212

6.5 Critical speeds of shafts in mechanical systems 215

6.5.1 Case study with solution and discussion 218

6.5.2 Method of approximation using the Dunkerley equations 222

6.5.3 Method of approximation using the Rayleigh-Ritz equation 223

6.5.4 Method of approximation using the equations of the rotation frequencies 224

6.5.5 Method for solving the function F(?_c): roots ? (r₀ and r₁) 224

6.6 Conclusion 225

Chapter 7 Principles of Calculations for Fatigue and Failure 227

7.1 Mechanical elements of failure through fatigue 227

7.2 Analysis of materials and sizing in applied design 229

7.3 Sizing of pivot joints with bearings 232

7.3.1 Basic formulae for calculating lifetime 233

7.3.2 Determination of the minimum viscosity necessary 238

7.4 Faults of form and position of ranges on the operating clearance fit 239

7.5 Friction and speed of bearings 240

7.6 Sizing of bearing pivot joints and lifetime 241

7.7 Case study: statement of the problem 243

7.7.1 Internal clearance fit of bearings 244

7.8 Biaxial stresses combined with shear for ductile materials in concrete application 246

7.9 Fundaments of sizing in mechanical design Soderberg equations in fatigue of ductile materials 248

7.9.1 Application of Soderberg equations 248

7.9.2 Stress intensification factors (SIFs) 249

7.9.3 Case study 250

7.10 Welding and fatigue 253

7.10.1 Case study: calculation of resistance of weld joints in design 254

7.10.2 Real-world case study: welded cross-shaped structure 256

7.10.3 Case study: fracture mechanics and stresses 261

7.10.4 Case study in fatigue fracture mechanics 262

7.11 Limits of performance and of strength in the elastic domain 267

7.12 Proposed project: outboard motor for a small boat 269

7.13 Conclusion 270

Chapter 8 Friction, Brakes and Gear Systems 271

8.1 Friction, materials and design of assembled systems 271

8.2 Buttressing of mechanical connections 274

8.3 Case study: principles of calculations for brakes 279

8.3.1 Design of a double brake block by calculation 281

8.3.2 Design of inner double-shoe block brake 282

8.3.3 Design of a band brake block 284

8.3.4 Examples of principles of calculations for brake design, with solutions 287

8.3.5 Case study: hypothesis of the design of a double-shoe brake 289

8.3.6 Case study: hypothesis of the band brake whose drum has a radius R (mm and in) 291

8.3.7 Case study: differential brake using a roller pressed against a drum 292

8.3.8 Symmetrical shoe brake pressed against a drum with radius R 294

8.4 Principles of calculations of a gear system or gear disc 298

8.4.1 Case study: principles of calculations for gear systems 299

8.4.2 Analysis and choice of the dimensions of the cam gear system 300

8.4.3 Sizing of a cam gear system and case study 301

8.4.4 Case study: principles of calculations for gear systems in design 304

8.4.5 Conical gear system 307

8.5 Flywheels and rims (discs and rims) 309

8.5.1 Flywheel for a solid disc 311

8.5.2 Flywheel system with rim and discs (internal and external) made of cast iron 312

8.5.3 Flywh...

Sommaire:
k = 1...