Neuroendocrinology - David A Lovejoy

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Foreword Acknowledgments 1. History of Neuroendocrinology and Neurohormones Introduction Early history of physiology Renaissance and the growth of western science Scientific revolution The 19th-century physiology and medicine Neurosecretion and the hypothalamus-pituitary regulation Chapter summary 2. Origin of Life and the First Signalling Molecules Introduction Theories of the evolution of the first cells The first cells The first true signalling hormones 3. Rise of Metazoans and the Elaboration of Signalling Systems Colonialism and multicellularity The elaboration of hormone pathways Nervous systems and rudimentary neuroendocrine systems Increase in genetic complexity and the rise of triploblastic organisms 4. Elaboration of Neuroendocrine Systems Elaboration of nervous system and development of organismal complexity Nervous and neuroendocrine systems in phylogenetically younger invertebrates Nervous and neuroendocrine systems in the deuterostomes Peripheral and autonomic nervous systems Blood-brain barriers Cerebrospinal fluid and the choroid plexus Neurohaemal and circumventricular organs: Neurovascular interfaces Hypothalamus-pituitary gland complex 5. Neurohormones and Receptors: Structure, Function and Co-evolution Orthology and paralogy Structural description of non-peptide ligands Peptide and polypeptide signalling molecules Structure and classes of receptors Receptor-ligand interactions Receptor-ligand co-evolution 6. Osmoregulation, Metabolism and Energy Production Osmoregulation Role of prolactin Feeding and appetite regulation Neural circuitry associated with feeding 7. Growth and Development Growth and the growth hormone, prolactin, somatolactin superfamily Metamorphosis and development Sexual differentiation Mechanisms of ageing 8. Biological Rythms Origin of biological clocks Circadian rythms Infradian rythms Clock circuitry in vertebrates The role of melatonin 9. Stress, Arousal and Homeostatic Challenge Physiology and behaviour associated with stress Components of the stress-response system.s Corticotropin-releasing factor superfamily of peptides Proopiomelanocortin and adrenocorticotrophic hormone Integration of HPA/I components with other systems Complementary neuroendocrine circuits associated with stress 10. Reproduction Selection of sexual reproduction Regulation of reproduction Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone Gonadotrophins and their regulation Neuroendocrine regulation of the HPG axis Pregnancy, parturition and lactation Seasonal reproduction Reproduction and stress 11. Behaviour, Learning and Memory Basic behavioural circuits Memory Motivation: Reward and fear Stress and the modulation of learning and behaviour Hormonal facilitation of behaviour Galanin modulation of neurological circuits An integrated approach to behavioural modulation Neurodegeneration and trauma 12. Pheromones and Chemo-attractants Evolution of pheromones Classification of pheromones Pheromones in invertebrates Pheromones in vertebrates Physiological actions of vertebrate pheromones Pheromones in mammals 13. Xenobiotics and Hormone Mimics Types of xenobiotics Vertebrate toxins and defences Toxins and xenobiotics in invertebrates Toxins and hormone mimics in plants Hormone mimics from anthropogenic sources Glossary References Index.