Automation and Autonomy - Steinhoff, James
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Présentation Automation And Autonomy Format Relié
- Livre Philosophie
Résumé :
This book argues that Marxist theory is essential for understanding the contemporary industrialization of the form of artificial intelligence (AI) called machine learning. It includes a political economic history of AI, tracking how it went from a fringe research interest for a handful of scientists in the 1950s to a centerpiece of cybernetic capital fifty years later. It also includes a political economic study of the scale, scope and dynamics of the contemporary AI industry as well as a labour process analysis of commercial machine learning software production, based on interviews with workers and management in AI companies around the world, ranging from tiny startups to giant technology firms. On the basis of this study, Steinhoff develops a Marxist analysis to argue that the popular theory of immaterial labour, which holds that information technologies increase the autonomy of workers from capital, tending towards a post-capitalist economy, does not adequately describe the situation of high-tech digital labour today. In the AI industry, digital labour remains firmly under the control of capital. Steinhoff argues that theories discerning therein an emergent autonomy of labour are in fact witnessing labour?s increasing automation.
Biographie: James Steinhoff is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Toronto, Canada.
Sommaire: 1. Introduction: Automation, Autonomy and Artificial Intelligence Your Means of Production Revolutions AI in the Real World Machinery and Marxists Computing Machinery Recursion Chapter Outline 2. Labour, Capital, Machine: Marxist Theory and Technology Political Economy Marx on Value and Labour The Fragment on Machines Marxism(s) Western Marxism Labour Process Theory Cybernetic Capitalism Conclusion 3. Post-Operaismo and the New Autonomy of Immaterial Labour Introduction From Operaismo to Post-operaismo Immaterial Labour Theory Human-Machine Hybridization New Autonomy from Capital The Technological Argument for New Autonomy Introduction The Advent of AI Research The AI Winter Strategic Computing: AI and the State Part I The Decline of Expert Systems Deep Learning: The Second Era of the AI Industry Conclusion 5. Machine Learning and Fixed Capital: The Contemporary AI Industry Introduction Charting the AI Industry AI Tech Giants AI Dinosaurs AI Startups AI Think Tanks National AI Strategies: AI and the State Part II AI Capital Concentration Open Source AI, Clouds, AI Chips Labour Composition: Race and Gender AI Labour Organization Conclusion 6. A Dark Art: The Machine Learning Labour Process Introduction The Machine Learning Labour Process Stage 1: Data Processing Stage 2: Model Building Stage 3: Deployment The Commodity Form of AI Empirical Control AI as Automation The Automation of AI Work Automated Machine Learning Other Forms of Automation in Machine Learning Conclusion 7.New Autonomy and Work in the AI Industry Introduction AI Work and Human-Machine Hybridization AI Work and New Autonomy Autonomy for What? Introduction Automation on Steroids Optimism and Agency