The Waste Crisis - Araya Asfaw

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Résumé :

Preface ix

Series Preface xv

Acknowledgments xvii

Chapter 1: Introduction 1

References 12

Chapter 2: Current Waste Management Practices 13

2.1 Urbanization and Waste Generation 13

2.2 Waste Collection 20

2.2.1 Why Waste Collection is Low in Developing Countries 23

2.2.1.1 Waste Collection Flow 23

2.2.1.2 Waste Collection Vehicles and Their Capacity 25

2.2.1.3 Traffic Situation in Developing Countries 29

2.2.1.4 Trained Waste Collection Workers 30

2.2.1.5 Lack of Social Awareness and Illegal Dumping 31

2.2.1.6 Absence of Regulations and/or Lack of Interest in Implementing Them 32

2.2.2 Consequences of Having Lower Waste Collection and Associated Open Dumping 32

2.2.2.1 Polluted Water Channels/Lakes/Rivers/Oceans 33

2.2.2.2 Flash Flooding During Rainy Seasons 34

2.2.2.3 Serious Health Hazards 35

2.3 Processing and Final Disposal 36

2.3.1 Problems with Landfilling in Both Developed and Developing Countries 39

2.3.2 Problems with Open Dumping - Only in Developing Countries 43

2.3.2.1 Water Pollution 43

2.3.2.2 Air Pollution 45

2.3.2.3 Safety and Operation 47

2.4 Composting 56

2.5 Recycling 56

2.6 Waste-to-Energy (WTE) 59

2.6.1 Case Study: Reppie Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Plant in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 61

2.7 Summary of Current Challenges of Waste Management in Developing Countries 66

References 66

Chapter 3: Case Studies - SWIS Winter School Ambassadors 69

3.1. Bangladesh 71

3.1.1. Introduction 71

3.1.2. Collection 71

3.1.3. Processing and Recycling 72

3.1.4. Final Disposal 74

3.1.5. Major Problems 74

3.2 Brazil 78

3.2.1 Introduction 78

3.2.2 Collection 79

3.2.3 Processing and Recycling 79

3.2.4 Final Disposal 80

3.2.5 Major Problems 81

3.3 Colombia 84

3.3.1 Introduction 84

3.3.2 Collection 84

3.3.3 Processing and Recycling 85

3.3.4 Final Disposal 86

3.3.5 Major Problems 86

3.4 Ethiopia 89

3.4.1 Introduction 90

3.4.2 Collection 90

3.4.3 Processing and Recycling 93

3.4.4 Final Disposal 94

3.4.5 Major Problems 95

3.5 Georgia 99

3.5.1 Introduction 99

3.5.2 Collection 100

3.5.3 Processing and Recycling 100

3.5.4 Final Disposal 101

3.5.5 Major Problems 102

3.6 India 105

3.6.1 Introduction 106

3.6.2 Collection 106

3.6.2.1 Collection and Processing of Wastes 106

3.6.3 Processing and Recycling 107

3.6.4 Final Disposal 108

3.6.5 Major Problems 109

3.7 Lebanon 112

3.7.1 Introduction 112

3.7.2 Collection 113

3.7.3 Processing and Recycling 113

3.7.4 Final Disposal 115

3.7.5 Major Problems 116

3.8 Mexico 118

3.8.1 Introduction 118

3.8.2 Collection 120

3.8.3 Processing and Recycling 121

3.8.4 Final Disposal 122

3.8.5 Major Problems 124

3.9 Pakistan 127

3.9.1 Introduction 127

3.9.2 Collection 128

3.9.3 Processing and Recycling 129

3.9.4 Final Disposal 133

3.9.5 Major Problems 135

3.10 Portugal 139

3.10.1 Introduction 139

3.10.2 Collection 140

3.10.3 Processing and Recycling 140

3.10.4 Final Disposal 141

3.10.5 Major Problems 141

3.11 Serbia 145

3.11.1 Introduction 146

3.11.2 Collection 146

3.11.3 Processing and Recycling 147

3.11.4 Final Disposal 147

3.11.5 Major Problems 149

3.12 UAE 151

3.12.1 Introduction 152

3.12.2 Collection 152

Biographie:
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Sommaire:

Sahadat Hossain is Director, Solid Waste Institute for Sustainability, and Professor, Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington, USA. He has over 20 years of experience in sustainable waste management, reuse of recycling materials, landfill gas to energy, and landfill mining.

H. James Law is Vice President and Project Director of SCS Engineers, USA and ISWA Board Member and Chair of the Working Group on Landfill headquartered in Rotterdam, Netherlands. He has over 36 years of professional experience in geotechnical engineering and solid waste management, landfill design, cell construction, final closure and remediation.

Araya Asfaw is managing partner of Sustainability Advisory Group, a private limited company registered in Ethiopia, advising government and non-government organizations and the private sector on sustainability and resiliency. He was Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Addis Ababa University....