Virology -

. .

Résumé :

Introduction xi
Mar?a-Carla SALEH and F?lix AUGUSTO REY

Chapter 1 DNA Viruses 1
Lindsey M COSTANTINI and Blossom DAMANIA

1.1 Introduction to DNA viruses 1

1.1.1 What are the most abundant DNA viruses? 2

1.1.2 Human DNA viruses 4

1.2 Taxonomy and structure 6

1.2.1 Small DNA tumor virus, e.g human papillomavirus 7

1.2.2 Large DNA tumor virus, e.g Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus 7

1.3 Genomes 8

1.3.1 HPV, a small DNA tumor virus genome 9

1.3.2 KSHV, a large DNA tumor virus genome 10

1.4 Gene expression and regulation 10

1.4.1 Small DNA tumor virus gene expression, the HPV example 12

1.4.2 Large DNA tumor virus gene expression, the KSHV example 13

1.4.3 DNA virus inhibition of cellular gene expression 14

1.5 Infectious cycle 15

1.5.1 Small DNA tumor virus life cycle, the HPV example 16

1.5.2 Large DNA tumor virus life cycle, the KSHV example 18

1.6 Viral-induced cellular survival 20

1.6.1 Small DNA tumor virus enhancement of cell survival, e.g HPV 21

1.6.2 Large DNA tumor virus enhancement of cell survival, e.g KSHV 21

1.7 Disease prevalence and prevention 22

1.7.1 HPV, a small tumor DNA virus and disease associations 22

1.7.2 KSHV, a large DNA tumor virus and disease associations 24

1.8 Conclusion 25

1.9 References 26

Chapter 2 Double-stranded RNA Viruses 33
Michelle M. ARNOLD, Albie VAN DIJK and Susana L?PE

2.1 Introduction 33

2.2 Rotaviruses 37

2.2.1 Virion structure 37

2.2.2 Genome 38

2.2.3 Virus entry 39

2.2.4 Transcription, replication and genome segment sorting 40

2.2.5 Host cell interactions: protein synthesis 41

2.2.6 Innate immune evasion 42

2.3 Reoviruses 43

2.3.1 The use of reovirus as an anti-cancer agent 43

2.3.2 Virion structure 43

2.3.3 Genome 44

2.3.4 Virus entry 44

2.3.5 Transcription and protein synthesis 45

2.3.6 RNA packaging and virion assembly 46

2.3.7 Innate immune evasion 48

2.4 Orbiviruses 49

2.4.1 Virion structure 51

2.4.2 Genome 51

2.4.3 Replication cycle 51

2.4.4 Virus entry 52

2.4.5 Transcription, (+)ssRNA selection and packaging, replication 52

2.4.6 Innate immune evasion 54

2.5 Concluding remarks and future challenges to understand dsRNA virus biology 55

2.6 References 56

Chapter 3 Negative-strand RNA Viruses 69
Rachel FEARNS

3.1 Introduction 69

3.2 Replication cycles of negative-strand RNA viruses 70

3.2.1 The order Mononegavirales 70

3.2.2 The order Bunyavirales 73

3.2.3 The order Articulavirales 77

3.2.4 The genus Deltavirus 78

3.2.5 Summary of viral replication cycles 80

3.3 The transcription and replication machinery of the negative-strand RNA viruses 80

3.3.1 Overview of the different negative-strand RNA virus polymerases 80

3.3.2 Orthomyxovirus polymerases and their transcription and replication mechanisms 81

3.3.3 The bunyavirus polymerase 85

3.3.4 The mononegavirus polymerases and their transcription and replication mechanisms 86

3.3.5 Concluding remarks 90

3.4 References 91

Chapter 4 Viral Epitranscriptomics 105
Rachel NETZBAND and Cara T PAGER

4.1 Introduction 105

4.1.1 What are epitranscriptomic marks? 105

4.1.2 How are epitranscriptomic marks installed? 106

4.2 The tools of RNA modification discovery 106

4.2.1 Chromatography and mass spectrometry 107

4.2.2 Sequencing methods for PTM detection 109<...

Biographie:

Mar?a Carla Saleh is Full Professor at Institut Pasteur, where she directs the Viruses and RNAi unit within the department of Virology. She studies the antiviral response in insects and develops new vector control strategies to eliminate mosquito-borne diseases. During her postdoctoral training at the University of California, San Francisco, USA, she discovered that RNA interference was the antiviral immune system of insects.

F?lix Augusto Rey directs the Structural Virology unit of Institut Pasteur, France, where he studies the entry mechanisms of lipid-enveloped viruses into cells by using structural approaches. Previously, he has been junior group leader at the CNRS and was chair of Institut Pasteur's Virology department between 2004 and 2012. During his post-doctoral training at Harvard University, USA, he determined the first structure of a flavivirus envelope protein.