DNA - Jamel L Oeser-Sweat

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Auteur(s) : Jamel L Oeser-Sweat - Lawrence Kobilinsky - Thomas Liotti

Editeur : John Wiley & Sons

Langue : Anglais

Parution : 01/10/2004

Format : Moyen, de 350g à 1kg

Nombre de pages : 392.0

Expédition : 688

ISBN : 9780471414780

Résumé :
Dieser Band ?berstreicht ein breites Themenspektrum zwischen naturwissenschaftlichen Aspekten und juristischen Anwendungen der DNA-Analytik. Er wendet sich besonders an Gerichtsmediziner, Juristen und Polizeibeamte, die verl?ssliche Informationen zu diesem Gebiet bisher m?hsam in der spezialisierten Fachliteratur suchen oder bei Experten erfragen mussten. In klarem und anschaulichem, dabei didaktisch unaufdringlichem Stil werden auch neueste Ergebnisse und Entwicklungen besprochen....

Biographie:
LAWRENCE KOBILINSKY is currently the Associate Provost and a Professor of Biology and Immunology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice. An internationally renowned forensic scientist, he is a Fellow of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences as well as the New York Microscopical Society, and has published extensively in the areas of identification and individualization using protein genetic markers and DNA analysis.

THOMAS F. LIOTTI has represented clients in high-profile cases involving DNA. He is a Village Justice in Westbury, New York, and is currently a partner at the law offices of Thomas F. Liotti, located in Garden City, New York. He is a past president of the New York State Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and Fellow in the American Board of Criminal Lawyers.

JAMEL OESER-SWEAT is a member of both the New York and New Jersey bars and has been admitted to practice before the Patent and Trademark Office. A former Westinghouse scholar, he has published several abstracts and articles in the field of microbiology, and has been a guest lecturer at several universities and conferences.

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Sommaire:
Foreword.

Preface.

Acknowledgements.

1. Biochemistry, Genetics, and Replication of DNA.

1.1 Evolution of Identification: From Faces to Fingerprints to DNA.

1.2 DNA and Heredity.

1.2.1 A Look at DNA from the Outside In.

1.2.2 DNA-The Chemistry.

1.2.3 Unique Sequence and Repetitious DNA.

1.3 DNA Replication.

1.3.1 Replication in the Cell.

1.3.2 Cloning (Gene Amplification).

2. Biological Evidence-Science and Criminal Investigation.

2.1 Crime Scene Investigation-Biological Evidence.

2.1.1 Help the Victim.

2.1.2 Protect the Scene.

2.1.3 Document the Scene.

2.1.4 Search the Scene.

2.1.5 Schematic Drawing Showing Location and Photography of Items of Evidence.

2.1.6 Packaging and Preserving Evidence.

2.1.7 Transport to Laboratory.

2.1.8 Sexual Assault Evidence.

2.1.9 Evidence Handling in the Laboratory.

2.1.10 Report Writing.

2.2 Serology.

2.2.1 Blood.

2.2.2 Semen.

2.2.3 Saliva.

2.2.4 Urine.

2.2.5 Hair.

2.3 Chain of Custody.

3. Forensic DNA Analysis Methods.

3.1 Associative Evidence and Polymorphism.

3.2 Restriction Fragment-Length Polymorphism.

3.2.1 Isolation of DNA.

3.2.2 Quantification.

3.2.3 Restriction Enzymes: DNA Scissors.

3.2.4 Gel Electrophoresis.

3.2.5 Southern Blotting.

3.2.6 Hybridization.

3.2.7 Autoradiography and Visualization of DNA Banding Pattern.

3.2.8 Analysis of RFLP Results.

3.2.9 Probe Stripping from Membrane.

3.2.10 Match Criteria.

3.2.11 Statistics and the Product Rule.

3.3 Polymerase Chain Reaction.

3.3.1 Development and Theory.

3.3.2 Isolation of DNA.

3.3.3 Quantification

3.3.4 Techniques.

3.4 Analysis of Y-Chromosome STRS.

3.4.1 Y-Chromosome Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis.

3.5 Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA.

3.5.1 The Mitochondrial Genome.

3.5.2 Quantification.

3.5.3 Sequencing.

3.5.4 Interpretation of Sequence Data.

3.5.5 Heteroplasmy.

3.5.6 Statistics.

3.5.7 SNP Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA.

3.6 Problems with PCR.

3.6.1 Contamination.

3.6.2 Degradation.

3.6.3 Sunlight.

3.6.4 Inhibitors.

3.6.5 Allelic Dropout-Null Alleles.

3.6.6 Human Error.

3.7 Underlying Facts and Assumptions in Forensic DNA Testing.

4. Genetics, Statistics, and Databases.

4.1 Human Genetics, Population Genetics, and Statistics.

4.1.1 Power of Forensic DNA Analysis: How Significant Is the Match?

4.1.2 Genetics and Statistics.

4.1.3 Mendel's Laws of Genetics.

4.1.4 Meiosis.

4.2 Population Genetics.

4.2.1 Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.

4.2.2 Subpopulations and Substructure.

4.3 Need for Quality Control and Quality Assurance.

4.4 SWGDAM (Formerly Known as TWGDAM) Standards.

4.5 DNA Advisory Board.

4.6 Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome STR Analysis and Statistical Calculations.

4.7 Experimental Controls.

4.8 Validation of New DNA Methods.

4.9 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis.

4.10 Database Size and Composition.

4.11 DNA Databases.

4.12 Power of Discrimination.

4.13 Mixtures and Statistics.

4.14 Probability of Exclusion.

4.15 Likelihood Ratio (LR).

4.16 Paternity Determinations.

4.16.1 Exclusion of the Alleged Father as the Biological Father.

4.16.2 Inclusion of the Alleged Father as the Biological Father.

4.17 Lab Accreditation, Certification, Reputation, and Facilitie...