Population Genetics - Matthew B. Hamilton

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Auteur(s) : Matthew B. Hamilton

Editeur : John Wiley And Sons Ltd

Langue : Anglais

Parution : 01/02/2021

Format : Moyen, de 350g à 1kg

Nombre de pages : 496

Expédition : 1615

Dimensions : 28.4 x 22.3 x 3.0

ISBN : 9781118436943

Résumé :

Now updated for its second edition,?Population Genetics?is the?classic, accessible introduction to the concepts of population genetics.?Combining?traditional conceptual approaches?with classical hypotheses and debates, the book equips students to understand?a wide?array of empirical studies?that?are based on the first principles of population genetics.?

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Featuring a highly accessible introduction to coalescent theory, as well as covering?the major conceptual advances in population genetics of the last two decades, the second edition now also includes end of chapter problem sets and revised coverage of recombination in the coalescent model, metapopulation extinction and recolonization, and the fixation index.

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Biographie:

MATTHEW B. HAMILTON, PHD, is Associate Professor of Biology at Georgetown University, where he teaches Population Genetics, Molecular Evolution, Evolutionary Processes, and similar undergraduate and graduate level courses. He is founding Director of Georgetown's Environmental Biology undergraduate major, past Director of the Georgetown Environment Initiative, and currently conducts research on the processes that influence the distribution of genetic variation within species....

Sommaire:

Preface and acknowledgements xiv

About the companion websites xvi

1 Thinking like a population geneticist 1

1.1?? Expectations 1

Parameters and parameter estimates 2

Inductive and deductive reasoning 3

1.2 Theory and assumptions 4

1.3 Simulation 5

Interact box 1.1 The textbook website 6

Chapter 1 review 7

Further reading 7

2 Genotype frequencies 8

2.1 Mendel's model of particulate genetics 8

2.2 Hardy-Weinberg expected genotype frequencies 12

Interact box 2.1 Genotype frequencies for one locus with two alleles 14

2.3 Why does Hardy-Weinberg work? 15

2.4 Applications of Hardy-Weinberg 18

Forensic DNA profiling 18

Problem box 2.1 The expected genotype frequency for a DNA profile 20

Testing Hardy-Weinberg expected genotype frequencies 20

Box 2.1 DNA profiling 21

Assuming Hardy-Weinberg to test alternative models of inheritance 24

Problem box 2.2 Proving allele frequencies are obtained from expected genotype frequencies 25

Problem box 2.3 Inheritance for corn kernel phenotypes 26

2.5 The fixation index and heterozygosity 26

Interact box 2.2 Assortative mating and genotype frequencies 27

Box 2.2 Protein locus or allozyme genotyping 30

2.6 Mating among relatives 31

Impacts of non-random mating on genotype and allele frequencies 31

Coancestry coefficient and autozygosit, 33

Box 2.3 Locating relatives using genetic genealogy methods 37

Phenotypic consequences of mating among relatives 38

The many meanings of inbreeding 41

2.7 Hardy-Weinberg for two loci 42

Gametic disequilibrium 42

Physical linkage 47

Natural selection 47

Interact box 2.3 Gametic disequilibrium under both recombination and natural selection 48

Mutation 48

Mixing of diverged populations 49

Mating system 49

Population size 50

Interact box 2.4 Estimating genotypic disequilibrium 51

Chapter 2 review 52

Further reading 52

End-of-chapter exercises 53

Problem box answers 54

3 Genetic drift and effective population size 57

3.1 The effects of sampling lead to genetic drift 57

Interact box 3.1 Genetic drift 62

3.2 Models of genetic drift 62

The binomial probability distribution 62

Problem box 3.1 Applying the binomial formula 64

Math box 3.1 Variance of a binomial variable 66

Markov chains 66

Interact box 3.2 Genetic drift simulated with a markov chain model 69

Problem box 3.2 Constructing a transition probability matrix 69

The diffusion approximation of genetic drift 70

3.3 Effective population size 76

Problem box 3.3 Estimating N e from information about N 81

3.4 Parallelism between Drift and mating among relatives 81

Interact box 3.3 Heterozygosity over time in a finite population 84

3.5 Estimating effective population size 85

Different types of effective population size 85

Interact box 3.4 Estimating N e from allele frequencies and heterozygosity over time 89

Breeding effective population size 90

Effective population sizes of different genomes 92

3.6 Gene genealogies and the coalescent model 92

Interact box 3.5 Sampling lineages in a Wright-Fisher population 94

Math box 3.2 Approximating the probability of a coalescent event with the exponential distribution 99

Interact box 3.6 Build your own coalescent genealogies 100

3.7 Effective population size in the coalescent model 103

Interact box 3.7 Simulating gene genealogies in populations with different effective ...