Nuclear Fission Reactors - Kessler, Günther

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Sommaire:
1 Introduction.- 1.1 TheDevelopmentofNuclear Energy in the World.- 1.2 Technical Applications of Nuclear Fission Energy.- 1.3 Economic Aspects of Nuclear Energy.- Selected Literature.- 2 Some Basic Physics of Converter and Breeder Reactors.- 2.1 Basic Nuclear Physics.- 2.2 Neutron Flux and Reaction Rates.- 2.3 Spatial Distribution of the Neutron Flux in the Reactor Core.- 2.4 Fuel Burnup, Fission Product and Actinide Buildup.- 2.5 Conversion Ratio and Breeding Ratio.- 2.6 Conversion Ratio and Fuel Utilization.- 2.7 Radioactive Inventories in Fission Reactors.- 2.8 Inherent Safety Characteristics of Converter and Breeder Reactor Cores.- Selected Literature.- 3 Nuclear Fuel Supply.- 3.1 Introduction (The Nuclear Fuel Cycle).- 3.2 Uranium Resources and Requirements.- 3.3 Concentration, Purification and Conversion of Uranium.- 3.4 Uranium Enrichment.- 3.5 Fuel Fabrication.- Selected Literature.- 4 Converter Reactors with a Thermal Neutron Spectrum.- 4.1 Light Water Reactors.- 4.2 Gas Cooled Thermal Reactors.- 4.3 Heavy Water Reactors.- 4.4 Near Breeder and Thermal Breeder Reactors.- Selected Literature.- 5 Breeder Reactors with a Fast Neutron Spectrum.- 5.1 The Potential Role of Breeder Reactors with a Fast Neutron Spectrum.- 5.2 Brief History of the Development of Fast Breeder Reactors.- 5.3 The Physics of LMFBR Cores.- 5.4 Technical Aspects of Sodium Cooled FBR's.- 5.5 SUPERPHENIX -A Commercial Size Demonstration LMFBR.- 5.6 Safety Design Aspects of LMFBR Plants.- 5.8 LMFBR Cores with Advanced Oxide and Carbide Fuels.- 5.9 Gas Cooled Fast Breeder Reactors.- Selected Literature.- 6 Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options.- 6.1 Fuel Cycle Options for Converter Reactors.- 6.2 Fuel Cycle Options for Breeder Reactors.- 6.3 Natural Uranium Consumption in Various Reactor Scenarios.-Selected Literature.- 7 Technical Aspects of Nuclear Fuel Cycles.- 7.1 Discharge and Storage of Spent Fuel Elements.- 7.2 The Uranium-238/Plutonium Fuel Cycle.- 7.3 The Thorium/Uranium-233 Fuel Cycle.- 7.4 The Uranium/Plutonium Fuel Cycle of Fast Breeder Reactors.- 7.5 Waste Conditioning.- 7.6 Nuclear Waste Repositories.- Selected Literature.- 8 Environmental Impacts and Risks of Nuclear Fission Energy.- 8.1 Radioactivity Releases from Nuclear Power Plants and Fuel Cycle Facilities During Normal Operation.- 8.2 Risk Assessment of Nuclear Fission Reactors.- 8.3 The Risk of Nuclear Proliferation and Possibilities of Its Mitigation.- Selected Literature.