Neuron--Glia Interrelations During Phylogeny - Antonia Vernadakis

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Résumé :
It has been established that neuroglia are involved in early neu? ronal growth, differentiation, and migration; these issues are well discussed in the companion volume entitled Neuron-Glia Interrela? tions During Phylogeny: I. Phylogeny and Ontogeny of Glial Cells. The present volume, Neuron-Glia Interrelations During Phylogeny: II. Plas? ticity and Regeneration, focuses on two aspects: (1) neuron-glia inter? relations as they relate to the physiological and metabolic homeostasis of neurons; and (2) the role of neuroglia and neuronal plasticity in regeneration and aging. Neuron-Glia Interrelations During Phylogeny: II. Plasticity and Regeneration begins with the unique presentation, Neuron-Glia In? teractions in the Human Fetal Brain, by Sogos et al. The interesting issue discussed in this chapter is the immunocompetence of the CNS, a field that is now rising. The chapter by Oland et al. , Glial Cells Playa Key Role in the Construction of Insect Olfactory Glomeruli, discusses a unique role of glial cells as intermediates in afferent? axon induction of substructure with the CNS. The chapter by Vanhems, Insect Glial Cells and Their Relationships with Neurons, compliments the information presented in the companion volume by Fredieu and Mahowald and, in this volume, the chapter by Tobert and Oland. The chapter by Tsacopoulos and Poitry, Metabolite Exchanges and Signal Trafficking Between Glial Cells and Neurons in the Insect Retina, provides evidence of the nutritive functions of glial cells and the important role of alanine supplied by glial cells to photoreceptors, a clear neuron-glia interaction.

Sommaire:
I. Physiological Glia-Neuron Interaction in Phylogeny.- Neuron-Glia Interactions in the Human Fetal Brain.- Glial Cells Play a Key Role in the Construction of Insect Olfactory Glomeruli.- Insect Glial Cells and Their Relationships with Neurons.- Metabolite Exchanges and Signal Trafficking Between Glial Cells and Neurons in the Insect Retina.- Learning from the Axon-Schwann Cell Relationships of the Giant Nerve Fiber of the Squid.- Glutamate-Mediated Neuron-Glia Signaling in Invertebrates and Vertebrates.- Metabolic Interactions Between Neurons and Glial Cells in Leech and Snail Ganglia.- Functional Role of Ion Transporters and Neurotransmitter Receptors in Glia.- II. Plasticity and Regeneration of CNS in Phylogeny.- Regeneration in the Mammalian CNS: New and Old Views.- Cells at the Boundary: The Insect Blood-Brain Barrier and Its Role in Neural Repair.- Neuron-Glia Interrelations During 3-Acetylpyridine-Induced Degeneration and Regeneration in the Adult Lizard Brain.- The Role of Extracellular Matrix Molecules, Glial Cells, and Microglia in Regeneration of the Leech CNS.- The Organization of Astrocytes in the Goldfish Visual System.- Repair by Schwann Cells in the Regenerating Goldfish Visual Pathway: Evidence of Regional Specificity.- Intermediate Filaments: A Molecular Link to Nerve Development and Regeneration in the Goldfish Visual Pathway.- Neuroglia in Adult Amphibians.- Plasticity of Astrocytes in Culture: Comparison of Astrocytes Derived from Chick Embryonic Brain and Aged Mouse Brain.- Glia-Neuronal and Glia-Vascular Interrelations in Blood-Brain Barrier Formation and Axon Regeneration in Vertebrates.