Applied Ethics - Oderberg

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Résumé :
Applied Ethics focuses the central concepts of traditional morality - rights, justice, the good, virtue, and the fundamental value of human life - on a number of pressing contemporary problems, including abortion, euthanasia, animals, capital punishment, and war....

Biographie:
David S. Oderberg is Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Reading. A graduate of the Universities of Melbourne and Oxford, he is author of The Metaphysics of Identity over Time (1993)...

Sommaire:
Preface and Acknowledgements.

Part I: Abortion:.

1. The Problem of Abortion Today.

2. The Basic Argument and Some Responses.

3. Sentience: A Bad Argument Against Abortion.

4. A Return to the Basic Argument.

Objection from Brain Activity.

Objection from Sorites Paradoxes.

Objection from Begging the Question.

Objection from Sperm and Egg.

Objection from Fission and Totipotency.

Objection from Cloning and Parthenogenesis.

5. A Feminist Argument for Abortion.

6. The Foetus, the Person and the Person.

7. Abortion, the Law and the Public Good - a Concluding Note.

'I Personally Disapprove of Abortion But Would Not Impose my Opinion on Other People.'.

'It is Not the Business of the Law to Interfere with Such a Difficult Decision.'.

The 'Backstreet' Objection.

8. Conclusion.

Part II: Euthanasia:.

9. Introduction.

10. Varieties of Euthanasia.

11. Voluntary Euthanasia and Autonomy.

12. Non-Voluntary Euthanasia and 'Quality of Life'.

13. Active and Passive Euthanasia.

14. Ordinary and Extraordinary Means.

15. Euthanasia, Death and 'Brain Death'.

16. Euthanasia and Nazism.

Part III: Animals:.

17. The Problem.

18. The Conditions for Rights - What They Are Not.

Consciousness.

Beliefs and Desires.

Language.

Self-Consciousness.

Action in Pursuit of Desires and Goals.

19. The Conditions for Rights - What They Are.

Knowledge of Purpose.

Free Will.

20. Two Dilemmas for the View that Animals Have Rights.

21. So How Should we Treat Animals?.

Part IV: Capital Punishment:.

22. A Conflict?.

23. Punishment - General Principles.

24. Capital Punishment - the Argument.

25. Objections.

What if an Innocent Person is Executed?.

Capital Punishment is Irreversible.

Capital Punishment is not a Deterrent.

Capital Punishment is Just State-Sanctioned Murder.

Capital Punishment is Cruel and Inhuman.

What about Mercy and Compassion?.

Capital Punishment Fails to Respect Persons.

26. Concluding Remarks on Hypocrisy.

Part V: War:.

27. Some Questions.

28. War, Pacifism and Self-Defence.

Self-Defence - Basic Principles.

29. Going to War.

Basic Principles of the Just War.

Just Cause.

Questions about the Justice of the Cause.

Conduct During War.

30. Globalism.

Notes and Further Reading.