Essentials of Environmental Engineering - Spellman, Frank R.

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Résumé :

Preface xi

Note to the Reader: Pardon My Redundancy, Please!

1 Setting the Stage

What Is Environment? 1

Environmental Equilibrium and the Fly in the Ointment 2

Pollution Defined 3

Key Terms 3

Pollution: Effects Easy to See, Feel, Taste, or Smell 14

Unexpected Pollution 15

Pollution and Environmental Engineering 15

Thought-Provoking Questions 16

References and Recommended Reading 17

2 Air Pollution 19

Definition of Key Terms 19

Definitions 19

Atmospheric Krypton 21

Krypton: Physical Properties 21

Krypton: Uses 21

Atmospheric Xenon 21

Xenon: Physical Properties 21

Xenon: Uses 21

Atmospheric Hydrogen 21

Hydrogen: Physical Properties 22

Atmospheric Water 22

Atmospheric Particulate Matter 22

Boyle's Law 23

Charles's Law 24

Ideal Gas Law 24

Gas Conversions 25

Major Constituents 25

Both Major and Minor Constituents 26

Gas Velocity 26

Gas Stream Treatment (Residence) Time 26

Gas Density 26

Heat Capacity and Enthalpy 27

Heat and Energy in the Atmosphere 27

Adiabatic Lapse Rate 27

Viscosity 28

Flow Characteristics 28

Surface Area and Volume 29

Aerodynamic Diameter 30

Particle Size Categories 30

Size Distribution 32

Particle Formation 32

Air Pollution Mechanics 33

Atmospheric Dispersion, Transportation and Deposition (EPA 2005) 34

Weather 35

Turbulence 35

Air Parcels 36

Buoyancy Factors 36

Lapse Rates 36

Mixing 37

Topography 37

Inversions 38

Plume Behavior 38

Plume Rise Equation 39

Transport 39

Dispersion Models 39

Air Pollution Control Technology 41

Air Pollution Control: Choices 41

Air Pollution Control Equipment and Systems 42

Removal of Dry Particulate Matter 43

Removal of Gaseous Pollutants: Stationary Sources 45

References and Recommended Reading 49



3Water Pollution 53

Surface Water 53

Lakes-Rivers and Streams-Estuaries-Wetlands 53

Surface Water Pollutants 54

Emerging Contaminants 55

Endocrine Disruptors 57

Biological Effects 58

Reproductive Effects 61

Neurological Effects 61

Immunological Effects 62

PPCPs 64

Pharmaceuticals in the Environment 66

Wastewater Treatment and PPCPs 72

Landfills 74

Drinking Water 75

Domestic Animals 75

Drug Classes and Environmental Occurrences 75

Personal Care Products in the Environment 82

Illicit Drugs in Wastewater 86

Surface Water Pollution: The Impact 87

Groundwater 87

Groundwater Uses and Sources 88

Wetlands 90

Water Treatment 91

Purpose of Water Treatment 91

Stages of Water Treatment 92

Iron and Manganese Removal Techniques 97

Hardness Treatment 98

Corrosion 100

Corrosion Control 101

Coagulation 103

Flocculation 105

Sedimentation 105

Filtration 105

Types of Filter Technologies 106

Filtration and Compliance with Turbidity Requirements 108

Additional Compliance Issues 109

Variances and Exemptions 112

Disinfection 112

Need for Disinfection in Water Treatment 113

Pathogens of Primary Concern 114

Recent Waterborne Disease Outbreaks 114

Mechanism of Pathog...

Biographie:
Frank R. Spellman, PhD, is a retired assistant professor of environmental health at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, and the author of more than 136 books covering topics ranging from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) to all areas of environmental science and occupational health. Many of his texts are readily available online, and several have been adopted for classroom use at major universities throughout the United States, Canada, Europe, and Russia...

Sommaire:
Essentials of Environmental Engineering is designed for use in an introductory university undergrad course. This book introduces environmental engineering as a profession applying science and math theories to describe and explore the relationship between environmental science and environmental engineering....