Modelling Evolution - Earnshaw-Whyte, Eugene

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Auteur(s) : Earnshaw-Whyte, Eugene

Editeur : Routledge

Langue : Anglais

Parution : 01/09/2019

Format : Moyen, de 350g à 1kg

Nombre de pages : 152.0

Expédition : 249

Dimensions : 23.1 x 15.5 x 0.8

ISBN : 9780367360047

Résumé :

Modelling Evolution offers a new, general account of evolution by natural selection that identifies the essential features of evolutionary models that transcend any particular discipline.

Sommaire:

Introduction

Chapter 1: Basic Evolutionary Concepts

Adaptation, fitness

And dandelions

Chance and basketball

Types and individuals

Selection

The original recipe

Systemic advantage of a type

Populations

Collections of individuals

Traits and types

Evolutionary Processes

In General

The Bias

Processes in Population Genetics

Selection as process

Selection v. Drift

Chance and Lightning

Discriminate v. Indiscriminate

Fixation in the population via drifty discriminate sampling

Expected and unexpected

Expecting the unexpected

Process vs. Outcome

The Evolutionary System

Bibliography

Chapter 2: The History of the Evolutionary Idea

Pausing for Context

Darwin

Variation and heredity

Selection

What evolves

Darwin?s Evolutionary Processes

Fisher

Evolution: Selection vs. Mutation

Fisher and fitness

Heredity, mutation, and genes

Adaptation and Heredity

Lewontin

The definition of evolution by natural selection

Segregation distortion and multilevel selection

Individual fitness and group fitness

Sober

Evolutionary forces

Fitness: Early Sober and Fisher compared

The Neodynamical account

Bibliography

Chapter 3: Evolutionary Forces

From Process to Force

The causal hierarchy

Functions of Time and Continuity

Causal variables vs. processes

Force Models

The three basic types of evolutionary force

Formalisms

Selection

Broad Selection

Heredity and Evolution by Natural Selection

Selection for traits and context dependence

Types of Drift

Bibliography

Chapter 4: Multilevel Selection

Individuality

The evolutionary transitions from individual to part

Fungi and biological individuals

Interactions

Kin Selection

Multilevel selection a la Lewontin

MLS 1, MLS 2, and contextual analysis

Contextual analysis and mus muscula

Three kinds of multilevel evolutionary models

More distinctions? Yes indeed

Multilevel Fitness models

Multilevel Force models

Multilevel Trait models

Bibliography

Chapter 5: Cultural Evolution

Challenges

The specter of biologism

The problem with replicators

Cultural Traits

Reproduction in Cultural Evolution

Processes

Boyd and Richerson

Looking at a model: farming practices

Lamarck and Technological Evolution

Novelty and guided variation (in evolutionary economics)

Application

This could be important

For example in sociology

Bibliography

Chapter 6: Multilevel Social Evolution

Concepts

Human groups and cultural individuals

Altruism in human societies

An extended illustration

Turchin on the historical evolution of egalitarianism

Critique

An alternative, multilevel approach

A model of multilevel cultural macroevolution

Developing the schema

Evaluating and adjusting

Specifying and Analysing

Bibliography