Pumps and Compressors - Marc Borremans

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Sommaire:

Preface xv

Acknowledgment xvii

Used Symbols xix

About the Companion Website xxv

Part I Pumps 1

1 General Concepts 3

1.1 Hydrostatics 3

1.2 Flow 4

1.3 Law of Bernoulli 5

1.4 Static and Dynamic Pressure 5

1.5 Viscosity 6

1.6 Extension of Bernoulli's Law 11

1.7 Laminar and Turbulent Flow 12

1.8 Laminar Flow 13

1.8.1 Hydraulic Resistance 13

1.8.2 Hydraulic Diameter 14

1.9 Turbulent Flow 17

1.10 Moody's Diagram 20

1.11 Feed Pressure 24

1.11.1 Geodetic Feed Pressure 24

1.11.2 Static Feed Pressure 24

1.11.3 Manometric Feed Pressure 26

1.11.4 Theoretic Feed Pressure 27

1.12 Law of Bernoulli in Moving Reference Frames 27

1.13 Water Hammer (Hydraulic Shock) 28

1.14 Flow Mechanics 30

1.14.1 Hydrofoils 30

1.14.2 Applications 33

2 Positive Displacement Pumps 35

2.1 Reciprocating Pumps 35

2.1.1 Operation 35

2.1.2 Flow 35

2.1.3 Valves 37

2.1.4 Piston Sealing 37

2.1.5 Plunger Pumps 37

2.1.6 Hand Pump 40

2.1.7 Double Acting Pump 41

2.1.8 Membrane Pumps 42

2.1.9 Triplex Pumps 45

2.1.10 Hydrophore 45

2.2 Maximum Suction Head 48

2.2.1 Theoretical 48

2.2.2 Vapor Pressure 49

2.2.3 Velocity 50

2.2.4 Barometer 51

2.2.5 Friction 51

2.2.6 Acceleration 52

2.2.6.1 Kinematics 52

2.2.6.2 Dynamics 53

2.2.7 Air Chambers 56

2.2.7.1 Suction Side 56

2.2.7.2 Press Side 57

2.3 Characteristic Values 59

2.3.1 Manometric Feed Pressure 59

2.3.2 Theoretical Pressure 59

2.3.3 Power and Efficiency 60

2.3.4 Example 62

2.3.5 Characteristic Curve of the Pump 64

2.3.5.1 Characteristic of the Pipe Line 64

2.3.5.2 Characteristic of the Pump 64

2.3.5.3 Regulation 65

2.3.6 Conclusion 67

2.4 Hydraulic Pumps 69

2.4.1 Introduction 69

2.4.2 Sliding Vane Pump 69

2.4.3 Gear Pumps 71

2.4.3.1 External Toothing 71

2.4.3.2 Internal Toothing 73

2.4.4 Screw Pumps 76

2.4.5 Radial Plunger Pumps 78

2.4.6 Axial Plunger Pumps 81

2.5 Other Displacement Pumps 85

2.5.1 Lobe Pump 85

2.5.2 Peristaltic Pump 88

2.5.2.1 Properties 89

2.5.2.2 Applications 91

2.5.3 Mono Pump 91

2.5.4 Flex Impeller Pump 95

2.5.5 Side Channel Pump 97

3 Dynamic Pumps 103

3.1 Radial Turbopumps (Centrifugal Pumps) 103

3.1.1 General 103

3.1.2 Impeller Forms 103

3.1.2.1 Closed Impeller 103

3.1.2.2 Half-Open Impeller 104

3.1.2.3 Open Impeller 108

3.1.3 Velocity Triangles 108

3.1.4 Flow 109

3.1.4.1 Definition 109

3.1.4.2 Flow Determining Component of the Velocity 110

3.1.4.3 The Relative Flow 110

3.1.5 Static Pressure in a Closed Pump 112

3.1.6 Theoretical Feed Pressure 114

3.1.6.1 Law of Bernoulli in Rotating Frame 114

3.1.6.2 Discussion 114

3.1.6.3 Theoretical Feed Pressure 115

3.1.7 Diffusor 119

3.1.8 Influence of Vane Angle 121

3.1.8.1 Graphically 121

3.1.8.2 Analytically 122

3.1.9 Pump Curve 122

3.1.9.1 System Curve 122

3.1.9.2 Build Up Pump Curve 123

3.1.9.3 Operating Point 124

3.1.10 Pump Efficiency 124

3.1.11 Influence RPM 125

3.1.12 First Set of Affinity Laws 125

3.1.13 Second Set of Affinity Laws 127

3.1.14 Surge 127

3.1.15 Application Field 128

3.1.16 Flow Regulation 130

3.1.16.1 Throttle Regulation 130...