Biostatistics - Chad L. Cross

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Résumé :

PREFACE vii

1 INTRODUCTION TO BIOSTATISTICS 1

1.1 Introduction, 2

1.2 Basic Concepts and Definitions, 2

1.3 Measurement and Measurement Scales, 5

1.4 Sampling and Statistical Inference, 7
Exercises, 12

1.5 The Scientific Method, 13
Exercises, 15

1.6 Computers and Technology, 15

1.7 Summary, 16

Review Questions and Exercises, 16

References, 17

2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS 18

2.1 Introduction, 19

2.2 The Ordered Array, 19

2.3 Frequency Tables, 21
Exercises, 25

2.4 Measures of Central Tendency, 29

2.5 Measures of Dispersion, 34
Exercises, 41

2.6 Visualizing Data, 43
Exercises, 51

2.7 Summary, 51

Summary of Formulas for Chapter 2, 51

Review Questions and Exercises, 53

References, 56

3 SOME BASIC PROBABILITY CONCEPTS 57

3.1 Introduction, 57

3.2 Two Views of Probability: Objective and Subjective, 58

3.3 Elementary Properties of Probability, 60

3.4 Calculating the Probability of an Event, 61
Exercises, 68

3.5 Bayes' Theorem, Screening Tests, Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Value Positive and Negative, 69
Exercises, 73

3.6 Summary, 74

Summary of Formulas for Chapter 3, 75

Review Questions and Exercises, 76

References, 79

4 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS 80

4.1 Introduction, 81

4.2 Probability Distributions of Discrete Variables, 81
Exercises, 86

4.3 The Binomial Distribution, 87
Exercises, 95

4.4 The Poisson Distribution, 96

Exercises, 100
4.5 Continuous Probability Distributions, 101

4.6 The Normal Distribution, 103
Exercises, 109

4.7 Normal Distribution Applications, 109
Exercises, 113

4.8 Summary, 114

Summary of Formulas for Chapter 4, 114

Review Questions and Exercises, 115

References, 117

5 SOME IMPORTANT SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS 119

5.1 Introduction, 119

5.2 Sampling Distributions, 120

5.3 Distribution of the Sample Mean, 121
Exercises, 128

5.4 Distribution of the Difference between Two Sample Means, 129
Exercises, 133

5.5 Distribution of the Sample Proportion, 134
Exercises, 136

5.6 Distribution of the Difference between Two Sample Proportions, 137
Exercises, 139

5.7 Summary, 139

Summary of Formulas for Chapter 5, 140

Review Questions and Exercises, 140

References, 141

6 ESTIMATION 143

6.1 Introduction, 144

6.2 Confidence Interval for a Population Mean, 147
Exercises, 152

6.3 The t Distribution, 153
Exercises, 157

6.4 Confidence Interval for the Difference between Two Population Means, 158
Exercises, 164

6.5 Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion, 165
Exercises, 166

6.6 Confidence Interval for the Difference between Two Population Proportions, 167
Exercises, 168

6.7 Determination of Sample Size for Estimating Means, 169
Exercises, 171

6.8 Determination of Sample Size for Estimating Proportions, 171
Exercises, 172

6.9 The Chi-Square Distribution and the Confidence Interval for the Variance of a Normally Distributed Population, 173
Exercises, 177

6.10 The F-Distribution and the Confidence Interval for the Ratio of the Variances of Two Normally Distributed Populations, 177
Exercises, 180

6.11 Summary, 181

Summary of Formulas for Chapter 6, 182

Review Questions and Exercises, 183

References, 186

7 HYPOTHESIS TESTING 189

7.1 Introduction, 190

7.2 Hypothesis Testing: A Single Population ...