Synaptic Modifications and Memory - Voronin, Leon L.

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Sommaire:
1 Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation and Its Characteristics.- 1.1 Brief Overview of the Structure of the Hippocampus.- 1.2 Electrical Responses of the Hippocampus.- 1.3 Initial Experiments on Long-Term Potentiation.- 1.4 Working Hypothesis and Early Results.- 1.5 Methods.- 1.6 Long-Term Potentiation of Field Potentials in the CA3 and CAI Regions.- 1.7 Low-Frequency Depression and Self-Restoration of the Potentiated Response.- 1.8 Specificity of Long-Term Potentiation for the Tetanized Input.- 1.9 Involvement of Reinforcing Systems During Tetanization.- 1.10 Discussion.- 1.11 Summary.- 2 Unitary and Minimal Postsynaptic Potentials (Literature Review).- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Methods Related to Unitary and Minimal PSP Recording.- 2.2.1 Intracellular Stimulation of the Afferent Unit.- 2.2.2 Macrostimulation of Afferent Fibres.- 2.2.3 Intracerebral Microstimulation.- 2.2.4 Recording of Minimal PSPs.- 2.2.5 Additional Procedures for the Detection of Single UPSPs.- 2.2.6 Measurements of UPSPs and MPSPs Amplitudes and PSCs.- 2.2.7 Mono- and Polysynaptic UPSPs.- 2.3 Unitary Field Potentials - EEG Quanta.- 2.4 Applications of Unitary and Minimal PSP Recordings.- 2.4.1 Organization of Neuronal Connections.- 2.4.2 Electrical and Chemical Synapses in the CNS.- 2.4.3 Spatial Organization of Synapses on the Somadendritic Membrane.- 2.5 Studies of Synaptic Plasticity in the CNS.- 2.5.1 Introductory Remarks.- 2.5.2 Habituation and Sensitization in Invertebrate CNSs.- 2.5.3 Conditioning Mechanisms in the Aplysia CNS.- 2.5.4 LFD in the Vertebrate CNS.- 2.6 Conclusions.- 2.7 Summary.- 3 Minimal Field Potentials of the Hippocampus and Their Post-Tetanic Changes.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Methods.- 3.3 Field Potentials Correlated with Neuronal Discharges from theContralateral Hippocampus.- 3.4 Field Activity After Spikes of the Schaffer Collaterals.- 3.5 Minimal Field Potentials.- 3.6 Post-Tetanic Changes of Minimal FPs.- 3.7 Discussion.- 3.8 Summary.- 4 Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials of Hippocampal Neurones and Their Low-Frequency Depression.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Methods.- 4.3 Responses to Single Stimuli.- 4.4 Responses to Paired Stimuli of Different Amplitudes.- 4.5 Changes of EPSPs During Low-Frequency Stimulation.- 4.6 Changes of IPSPs During Low-Frequency Stimulation.- 4.7 Discussion.- 4.8 Summary.- 5 Responses of Hippocampal Neurones During Long-Term Potentiation.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Methods.- 5.3 General Description of Neuronal Responses.- 5.4 Short-Term Post-Tetanic Changes.- 5.5 Long-Term Changes in Spike Responses after Tetanization.- 5.6 Post-Tetanic Changes of Postsynaptic Potentials.- 5.7 Post-Tetanic Changes in Excitability and Resting Membrane Potential.- 5.8 Discussion.- 5.9 Summary.- 6 Changes in Acetylcholine Sensitivity During Long-Term Potentiation.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Effects of Acetylcholine Iontophoresis on Cellular and Field Responses.- 6.3 Changes in ACh Sensitivity During LTP.- 6.4 Discussion.- 6.5 Summary.- 7 Quantal Analysis of Postsynaptic Potentials (Literature Review).- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Principles of the Quantum Hypothesis.- 7.3 Methods of Determination of the Mean Quantal Content.- 7.3.1 Direct Counting of Quantal Contents of Single PSPs.- 7.3.2 The Method of Miniatures.- 7.3.3 Histogram Method.- 7.3.4 Method of Failures.- 7.3.5 Method of the Coefficient of Variation.- 7.3.6 Analysis of Dispersions.- 7.3.7 Deconvolution Technique.- 7.3.8 Other Methods.- 7.4 Corrections for the Methods of Estimating m.- 7.4.1 Non-Linear Summation.- 7.4.2 Control of Steady State.- 7.4.3Non-Specific Activity.- 7.4.4 Multicomponent Miniature PSPs.- 7.4.5 Additional Remarks.- 7.5 Poisson and Binomial Distributions of PSP Amplitudes.- 7.6 Methods of Estimating Binomial Parameter p.- 7.6.1 Variance of Quantal Distribution.-...