Cellular Physiology and Neurophysiology - Donald R. Matteson

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Résumé :

SECTION I, Fundamental Physicochemical Concepts

CHAPTER 1, INTRODUCTION: HOMEOSTASIS AND CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

Homeostasis Enables the Body to Survive in Diverse Environments

The Body Is an Ensemble of Functionally and Spatially Distinct Compartments

Transport Processes Are Essential to Physiological Function

Cellular Physiology Focuses on Membrane-Mediated Processes and on Muscle Function

Summary

Key Words and Concepts

Diffusion Is the Migration of Molecules down a Concentration Gradient

Fick's First Law of Diffusion Summarizes our Intuitive Understanding of Diffusion

Essential Aspects of Diffusion Are Revealed by Quantitative Examination of Random, Microscopic Movements of Molecules

Fick's First Law Can Be Used to Describe Diffusion across a Membrane Barrier

Summary

Key Words and Concepts

Study Problems

Osmosis Is the Transport of Solvent Driven by a Difference in Solute Concentration Across a Membrane That Is Impermeable to Solute

Water Transport during Osmosis Leads to Changes in Volume

Osmotic Pressure Drives the Net Transport of Water during Osmosis

Osmotic Pressure and Hydrostatic Pressure Are Functionally Equivalent in Their Ability to Drive Water Movement Through a Membrane

Only Impermeant Solutes Can Have Permanent Osmotic Effects

Summary

Key Words and Concepts

Study Problems

Ions Are Typically Present at Different Concentrations on Opposite Sides of a Biomembrane

Selective Ionic Permeability Through Membranes Has Electrical Consequences: The Nernst Equation

The Stable Resting Membrane Potential in a Living Cell Is Established by Balancing Multiple Ionic Fluxes

The Cell Can Change Its Membrane Potential by Selectively Changing Membrane Permeability to Certain Ions

The Donnan Effect Is an Osmotic Threat to Living Cells

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Key Words and Concepts

Study Problems

Ion Channels Are Critical Determinants of the Electrical Behavior of Membranes

Distinct Types of Ion Channels Have Several Common Properties

Ion Channels Share Structural Similarities and Can Be Grouped into Gene Families

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Key Words and Concepts

Study Problems

The Time Course and Spread of Membrane Potential Changes Are Predicted by the Passive Electrical Properties of the Membrane

The Equivalent Circuit of a Membrane Has a Resistor in Parallel with a Capacitor

Passive Membrane Properties Produce Linear Current-Voltage Relationships

Membrane Capacitance Affects the Time Course of Voltage Changes

Membrane and Axoplasmic Resistances Affect the Passive Spread of Subthreshold Electrical Signals

Summary

Key Words and Concepts

Study Problems

The Action Potential Is a Rapid and Transient Depolarization of the Membrane Potential in Electrically Excitable Cells

Ion Channel Function Is Studied with a Voltage Clamp

Individual Ion Channels Have Two Conductance Levels

Na^? Channels Inactivate during Maintained Depolarization

Action Potentials Are Generated by Voltage-Gated Na^? and K^? Channels

Action Potential Propagation Occurs as a Result of Local Circuit Curren...

Sommaire:
Gain a foundational understanding of complex physiology concepts with this thoroughly revised text. Cellular Physiology and Neurophysiology, a volume in the Mosby Physiology Series, explains the fundamentals of these multi-faceted areas in a clear and concise manner. It helps bridge the gap between basic biochemistry, molecular and cell biology, and neuroscience, and organ and systems physiology, providing the rich, clinically oriented coverage needed to master the latest concepts in neuroscience and how cells function in health and disease....