Behavioral Teratogenesis and Behavioral Mutagenesis - E L Abel

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Résumé :
Most textbooks are cumbersome to carry, expensive to buy, difficult to read, and boring. They have no plot, no characterization, no suspense, no climax. What they have are facts. If Dragnet's Sgt. Friday were Scientist Friday, the script wouldn't be much different? just the facts, ma'am. Students can't escape textbooks. But like death and taxes, they are necessary evils. of old ideas makes room for new ones. Death makes room for new people and the death Taxes are the dues we pay to live in a country. Everybody gets stuck with paying some kind of dues and students are no exception. Students pay dues in the form of tuition to listen to professors lecture, and they also pay dues in what a former governor of California called' 'psychic bucks -time, concentration, independent study, reading textbooks like this one-to come up with the correct answers to exam questions. Textbooks on economics will tell you about where our tuition bucks come from. This book is about where our psychic bucks come from and the forces that can bankrupt our psychic nest eggs.

Sommaire:
1. In the Beginning Was the Word and the Word Was ... DNA.- The Living Cell.- Mendel's Model.- Chromosome Theory.- The Cell Cycle.- Mitosis.- Meiosis.- Gametogenesis.- Sperm Imprinting.- Genetic Variability.- Gene Theory.- The Double Helix.- How DNA Sends Messages.- You Are a Degenerate.- Junk Genes?.- What Turns You On?.- Pleiotropy.- Epistasis.- The Molecular Clock.- Finding Eve.- The Origin of Species.- Genetic Engineering.- References.- 2. Behavior Genetics.- The Heritability of Behavior.- Paradigms Used in Human Behavioral Genetics Research.- Schizophrenia.- Alzheimer Disease.- Alcoholism.- Phenylketonuria.- Fragile X.- Intelligence.- A Flutist Needs a Flute to Be a Flutist.- Prenatal Learning in the Classwomb.- References.- 3. Some DNA Is Born Great, Some Never Achieves Its Greatness, and Some Has Its Greatness Poisoned before It Can Be Recognized.- Sources of Mutations: Spontaneous versus Induced.- Types of Mutations.- Somatic versus Gametic Mutations.- Categories of Mutations.- Conditional Mutations.- Point Mutation.- Death by Beans.- Sister Chromatid Exchange.- Chromosomal Mutations.- Down Syndrome.- Sex Chromosome Anomalies.- Genome Mutations.- Agents Causing Mutations.- Ultraviolet Radiation.- Chemical Causes of Mutation.- Some Laboratory Tests for Mutagens.- DNA Repair Mechanisms.- Appendix A. Prenatal Testing.- References.- 4. From Gene to Brain.- Preimplantation.- Implantation.- Gastrulation.- Induction.- Critical Period.- The Beginning of a Brain.- Proliferation.- Cell Migration.- Pattern Formation.- Differentiation.- Relationship of Animal Brain Development to Human Brain Development.- The Neuron.- The Nerve Impulse.- Synaptogenesis.- Neurotransmitters as Inducers.- Long-Range Induction.- Glia and Myelination.- Modification of Synaptic Connections.- Appendix A. Malformations of CNS Development Due to Failure of Neuropore Closure.- Appendix B. Basic Functional Neuroanatomy.- Appendix C. Research Techniques in Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology.- References.- Chapters 5. Behavioral Teratogenesis.- Behavioral Teratology.- Principles of Teratology.- Appendix A. Routes of Administration.- References.- 6. Identifying Human Behavioral Teratogens: Designs and Methods.- Definition of Birth Defects.- Ascertainment.- Population Being Evaluated.- Procedures for Identifying Teratogens.- Descriptive Studies.- Analytical Evaluations.- Apgar Test.- Prechtl Exam.- The Brazelton Test.- Scanlon.- Bayley Scales.- Visual Recognition Memory.- Reaction Time.- Intelligence Tests.- Summary and Conclusions.- Appendix A. Diagnostic Criteria for Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity.- References.- 7. Testing Animal Behavioral Teratogens: Designs and Methods.- Rationale for Studies in Animals.- Methodological Issues.- Test Methods.- Developmental Landmarks.- Learning/Memory Tasks.- Active Avoidance.- Passive Avoidance.- Maze Learning.- Spontaneous Alteration.- Reversal Learning.- Activity.- Observational Techniques.- Rotorod.- Preference Tests.- Sexual Behavior in the Rat.- Acoustic Startle.- Seizure Susceptibility.- Operant Behavior.- Sensitivity to Drugs.- References.- 8. Regulatory Protocols for Identifying Teratogens.- FDA Guidelines.- Behavioral Teratology Testing in Japan.- Behavioral Teratology Testing in the United Kingdom.- Behavioral Teratology Testing in France and Italy.- Efforts to Create a Behavioral Teratology Test Battery in the United States.- Summary and Conclusions.- References.