The Second Physicist - Jungnickel, Christa

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Résumé :
This book explores the rise of theoretical physics in 19th century Germany. The authors show how the junior second physicist in German universities over time became the theoretical physicist, of equal standing to the experimental physicist. Gustav Kirchhoff, Hermann von Helmholtz, and Max Planck are among the great German theoretical physicists whose work and career are examined in this book. Physics was then the only natural science in which theoretical work developed into a major teaching and research specialty in its own right. Readers will discover how German physicists arrived at a well-defined field of theoretical physics with well understood and generally accepted goals and needs. The authors explain the nature of the work of theoretical physics with many examples, taking care always to locate the research within the workplace. The book is a revised and shortened version of Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein, a two-volume work by the same authors. This new edition represents a reformulation of the larger work. It retains what is most important in the original work, while including new material, sharpening discussions, and making the research more accessible to readers. It presents a thorough examination of a seminal era in physics....

Sommaire:
1. Toward a Characterization of Theoretical Physics in Germany.2. Establishing Physics at the Universities.3. German Physicists before and around 1830.4. Promoting a New Physics: Earth Magnetism at G?ttingen.5. Reforms in Teaching University Physics: Development of the Seminar and the Laboratory in the 1830s and 1840s.6. Physics Research in Poggendorff's Annalen in the 1840s.7. Connecting Laws: Careers and Theories in the 1840s.8. Mathematicians and Physicists.9. Kirchhoff, Clausius, Weber, and Connectedness.10. Physical Research in the Annalen and Other Journals around 1870.11. Positions in Theoretical Physics.12. Methods of Theoretical Physics.13. Ordinary Professorships for Theoretical Physics.14. Physical Research in the Annalen and in the Fortschritte.15. Foundations and Connections.16. Concluding Observations.