Nanoscale Devices - Cerofolini, Gianfranco

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Résumé :
The second half of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty ?rst have been characterized by the most impressive industrial revolution ever seen. In - proximately 40years, the complexity of integrated circuits (ICs) has increased by a 9 factor of 10 , with a corresponding reduction of the cost per bit by eight orders of magnitude. Not only has this evolution allowed dramatic progress in allscienti?c ?elds (large computers, space probes, etc.), but also has fueled the economic development with the raise of new markets (personal computers, cellular phones, etc.) and even social revolutions (world wide web, global village, etc.). In last years, however, the situation has signi?cantly changed: the continuous scaling down of device size has eventually brought the IC major technique, p- tolithography, to its limits. Overcoming its original limits has been proved to be possible, but the price to pay for that has changed the playing rules ? while at the beginning of the IC history the evolution was driven by technology, now it is driven by economy, the cost of a medium size production plant being in the range of a few billion dollars.

Biographie:
Gianfranco (GF) Cerofolini (degree in Physics from the University of Milan, 1970) is visiting researcher at the University of Milano-Bicocca. His major interests are addressed to the physical limits of miniaturization and to the 'emergence' of higher-level phenomena from the underlying lower-level substrate (measurement in quantum mechanics, life in biological systems, etc.). Although his research activity has been carried out in the industry (vacuum: SAES Getters...

Sommaire:
Basics.- Matter on the Nanoscale.- Top-Down Paradigm to Miniaturization.- Physical Limits to Miniaturization.- The Crossbar Structure.- Crossbar Production.- The Litho-to-Nano link.- Functional Molecules.- Grafting Functional Molecules.- Advanced Topics:Self-similar structures, molecular motors, nanobiosystems.- Examples.- Self-Similar Nanostructures.- Molecular Motors.- Nanobiosensing.- Abstract Technology.