Enzyme Engineering -

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Résumé :
The Soviet Union has had an active research and development program in the study and applica? tion of soluble and immobilized enzymes since about 1970. Therefore, it was a natural conse? quence that an international conference should be held in the Soviet Union to focus on some of the developments that may lead to new and exciting practical applications of enzymatic catalysts in a variety of areas, especially carbohydrate con? versions, medicine, energy transduction, and photochemistry. The International Federation of Institutes for Advanced Study, with its goal of focusing international scientific and technological exper? tise on world problems, also has been very active in the area of enzyme engineering, with a major effort during 1972-1977 in several of the sub? areas covered in this volume. The conference was held June 20-24, 1978 in the city of Tbilisi in the Georgian SSR of the USSR, under the title The Future of Enzyme En? gineering Development. The participants expressed a high sense of gratitude to the State Committee for Science and Technology and especially to the Georgian Academy of Sciences for their hospitality. The services of the Soviet linguists in providing simultaneous translation between Russian and English, and the brass band that played for the departing participants at the Tbilisi airport helped to make both the scientific and cultural parts of the conference memorable.

Sommaire:
I. General Problems of Enzyme Engineering.- Stabilization and Reactivation of Enzymes.- Theory of Reliability and Kinetics of Inactivation of Biocatalytical Systems.- II. Carbohydrate Conversions with Enzymes.- Enzymatic Conversion of Cellulose to Glucose: Present State of the Art and Potential.- Immobilized Amyloglucosidase: Preparation, Properties, and Application for Starch Hydrolysis.- Substrate Stabilization of Soluble and Immobilized Glucoamylase against Heating.- III. Biomedical Possibilities of Enzyme Engineering.- Chemical Aspects of Enzyme Stabilization and Modification for use in Therapy.- Modification of Trypsin Pancreatic Inhibitor by Polysaccharides for Prolongation of Therapeutic Effect.- Enzymatic Modification of ?-Lactam Antibiotics: Problems and Perspectives.- Modification of Enzymes with Water Soluble Polymers.- Immobilized Enzymes and Other Materials for the Study of Mammalian Cell Surfaces.- IV. Enzyme Engineering in Energy Transfer, Photography, and Fine Chemical Processing.- Microorganisms as Hydrogen and Hydrogenase Producers.- Spatially Structured Enzyme Support Arrangements in Electrochemical Systems.- Application of Immobilized Enzyme Systems in Nonsilver Photography.- Immobilized Enzymes: A Breakthrough in Fine Chemicals Processing.- Problems of Efficiency and Optimization in Enzyme Engineering.- V. Enzymes in Food and Nutrition.- Novel Enzymatic Production of L-Malic Acid as an Alternative Acidulant to Citric Acid.- Application of Plant Phenol Oxidases in Biotechnological Processes.- Immobilized Enzymes in Nutritional Applications.- VI. Future Prospects.- Impact of Enzyme Engineering on Science Policy.- Some Thoughts on the Future.- Adresses of Authors.