Nekton - Yu G Aleyev

. .

Résumé :
..

Sommaire:
1. Nekton as an Ecomorphological Type of Biont.- 2. Definition, History and Task of Nektonology.- 3. Nektonological Investigation Methods.- 4. General Remarks.- 1. Nekton: Systematics and Geographical Distribution.- I. Ecomorphological Classification of Nekton.- II. Systematic Composition, Geographic Range and Distribution in Bodies of Water.- 1. Systematic Composition.- 2. Geographic Range and Distribution in Bodies of Water.- 2. Fundamental Nektonic Adaptations.- III. Maintaining the Body Suspended in the Water.- 1. Statodynamic Types of Nektonic Animal.- 2. Density and Buoyancy.- 3. Modes of Ensuring Neutral Buoyancy.- 4. Hydrodynamic Correction of Buoyancy.- 5. Phylogeny of Adaptations Associated with Supporting the Body in a Suspended State.- IV. Creation of Propulsive Force (Locomotion).- 1. General.- 2. Swimming, Undulatory Propulsors.- 3. Swimming, Paddling Propulsors..- 4. Swimming, Hydrojet Propulsors.- 5. Flight, Aerial Propulsors.- 6. Locomotion on the Surface of Solid Substrata, Tactile Propulsors ..- 7. Other Modes of Movement.- 8. Phylogeny of Adaptations Associated with Creating Propulsive Force.- V. Reducing Resistance to Movement.- 1. General.- 2. Features of Flow over Body.- 3. Preventing Boundary-Layer Separation.- 4. Boundary-Layer Laminarization.- 5. Hydrodynamic Resistance and Swimming Speeds.- 6. The Phylogeny of Adaptations Towards Reducing Resistance to Movement.- VI. Controlling Movement.- 1. General.- 2. Stabilization and Changing Direction of Movement.- 3. Maintaining Equilibrium and Braking.- 4. Phylogeny of Adaptations Related to Movement Control.- VII. Camouflage and Defence.- 1. General.- 2. Camouflage.- 3. Defence Against Enemies.- 4. The Phylogeny of Adaptations Associated with Camouflage and Defence.- VIII. Other Adaptations.- 1. General.- 2. Reception and Transmission of Information.- 3. Capture of Food.- 4. Other Adaptations.- 3. Origins and Ecological Divergence of Nekton.- IX. Ecomorphological Classes of Nekton and their Origins.- 1. General.- 2. Ecomorphological Classes of Nekton.- 3. Origins and History of Development of Nekton.- X. Nekton and the Body of Water.- Conclusion.- Literature.- Name Index.- Animal Latin Names Index.