Basin Analysis - Philip A. Allen

. .

Auteur(s) : Philip A. Allen

Editeur : John Wiley & Sons

Langue : Anglais

Parution : 30/06/2013

Format : Moyen, de 350g à 1kg

Nombre de pages : 632

Expédition : 1828

Dimensions : 28.6 x 22.1 x 3.8

ISBN : 047067377X

Résumé :
Dieses erfolgreiche Fachbuch wurde komplett ?berarbeitet und erweitert und ist auch in der 3. Auflage die f?hrende Ver?ffentlichung, wenn es in der Explorationsgeologie um die Beckenanalyse geht. Neu sind u. a. Kapitel zur Exploration von Erd?lvorkommen....

Biographie:

Philip Allen graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Geology from the University of Wales, Aberystwyth and a PhD from Cambridge University. He held lectureships at Cardiff and Oxford, and professorships at Trinity College Dublin, ETH-Z?rich and Imperial College London. He is a process-oriented Earth scientist with particular interests in the interactions and feedbacks between the solid Earth and its 'exosphere' through the critical interface of the Earth's surface.

John Allen has over 30 years of experience in the international oil and gas industry as a petroleum geologist, exploration manager, senior exploration advisor, and business strategist with British Petroleum (BP) and BHP Billiton, as well as several years of experience as a non-executive director. He is currently based in Melbourne, Australia.

...

Sommaire:

Companion website details x

Preface to the third edition xi

Part 1 The foundations of sedimentary basins 1

1 Basins in their geodynamic environment 3

Summary 3

1.1 Introduction and rationale 3

1.2 Compositional zonation of the Earth 6

1.2.1 Oceanic crust 6

1.2.2 Continental crust 7

1.2.3 Mantle 8

1.3 Rheological zonation of the Earth 8

1.3.1 Lithosphere 8

1.3.2 Sub-lithospheric mantle 10

1.4 Geodynamic background 10

1.4.1 Plate tectonics, seismicity and deformation 10

1.4.2 The geoid 12

1.4.3 Topography and isostasy 14

1.4.4 Heat flow 14

1.4.5 Cycles of plate reorganisation 15

1.5 Classification schemes of sedimentary basins 15

1.5.1 Basin-forming mechanisms 16

2 The physical state of the lithosphere 20

Summary 20

2.1 Stress and strain 21

2.1.1 Stresses in the lithosphere 21

2.1.2 Strain in the lithosphere 23

2.1.3 Linear elasticity 25

2.1.4 Flexure in two dimensions 27

2.1.5 Flexural isostasy 28

2.1.6 Effects of temperature and pressure on rock density 29

2.2 Heat flow 31

2.2.1 Fundamentals 31

2.2.2 The geotherm 31

2.2.3 Radiogenic heat production 33

2.2.4 Effect of erosion and sediment blanketing on the geotherm 36

2.2.5 Transient effects of erosion and deposition on the continental geotherm 37

2.2.6 Effect of variable thermal conductivity 38

2.2.7 Time-dependent heat conduction: the case of cooling oceanic lithosphere 39

2.2.8 Convection, the adiabat and mantle viscosity 41

2.3 Rock rheology and lithospheric strength profiles 43

2.3.1 Fundamentals on constitutive laws 43

2.3.2 Rheology of the mantle 44

2.3.3 Rheology of the continental crust 46

2.3.4 Strength profi les of the lithosphere 47

Part 2 The mechanics of sedimentary basin formation 51

3 Basins due to lithospheric stretching 53

Summary 53

3.1 Introduction 54

3.1.1 Basins of the rift-drift suite 54

3.1.2 Models of continental extension 54

3.2 Geological and geophysical observations in regions of continental extension 56

3.2.1 Cratonic basins 56

3.2.2 Rifts 60

3.2.3 Failed rifts 67

3.2.4 Continental rim basins 67

3.2.5 Proto-oceanic troughs 68

3.2.6 Passive continental margins 70

3.3 Uniform stretching of the continental lithosphere 72

3.3.1 The 'reference' uniform stretching model 72

3.3.2 Uniform stretching at passive continental margins 76

3.4 Modifications to the uniform stretching model 78

3.4.1 Protracted periods of rifting 78

3.4.2 Non-uniform (depth-dependent) stretching 80

3.4.3 Pure versus simple shear 83

3.4.4 Elevated asthenospheric temperatures 84

3.4.5 Magmatic activity 84

3.4.6 Induced mantle convection 85

3.4.7 Radiogenic heat production 86

3.4.8 Flexural compensation 86

3.4.9 The depth of necking 86

3.4.10 Phase changes 87

3.5 A dynamical approach to lithospheric extension 88

3.5.1 Generalities 88

3.5.2 Forces on the continental lithosphere 90

3.5.3 Rheology of the continental lithosphere 92

3.5.4 Numerical and analogue experiments on strain rate during continental extension 93

3.6 Estimation of the stretch factor and strain rate history 95

3.6.1 Estimation of the stretch factor from thermal subsidence history 95

3.6.2 Estimation of the stretch factor from crustal thickness changes 95

3.6.3 Estimation of the stretch factor from forward tectonostratigraphic modelling 96