Introduction to Applied Ethics - Robert L. Holmes

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Auteur(s) : Robert L. Holmes

Editeur : Bloomsbury Publishing Plc

Langue : Anglais

Parution : 31/01/2018

Format : Moyen, de 350g à 1kg

Nombre de pages : 552

Expédition : 852

Dimensions : 23.5 x 15.6 x 3.2

ISBN : 1350029815

Résumé :

How do you decide what is ethically wrong and right? Few people make moral judgments by taking the theory first. Specifically written with the interests, needs, and experience of students in mind, this textbook approaches thinking ethically as you do in real life - by first encountering practical moral problems and then introducing theory to understand and integrate the issues.

Built around engaging case studies from news media, court hearings, famous speeches and philosophical writings, each of the 15 chapters:

- explains and defines the moral problem dealt with
- provides excerpts of readings on all sides of the issue
- analyses the problem, using the relevant theory

The examples are recognizable ethical problems, including judgments about racism and sexism, controversial debates such as assisted suicide and the death penalty, and contemporary concerns like privacy and technology, corporate responsibility, and the environment.

The mission of the book is to assist you to engage in informed, independent, critical thinking and to enable you to enter into ethical discussions in the classroom and beyond. Supported by learning features, including study questions, key quotes, handy definitions and a companion website, this book is essential for any student of moral philosophy.

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Biographie:
Robert L. Holmes is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Rochester, USA. His main research is in philosophy of war, the ethics of nonviolence, and contemporary moral problems. He is the author of Pacifism (2016) Basic Moral Philosophy (2006) and On War and Morality (1989), co-author of Philosophical Inquiry (1968), and co-editor of Nonviolence in Theory and Practice (1990)....

Sommaire:

Introduction

I

RACE, GENDER AND ETHNICITY
Chapter 1. RACISM
1.1 Basic Questions about Racism
1.2 What is Racism?
1.3 What is a Racist?
1.4 A Racist Philosophy
1.5 The Racist's Burden of Proof
1.6 Is there such a Thing as Race?
1.7 Are Some Races Superior to Others?
1.8 Ought Innately Superior Races to dominate Inferior Races?
1.9 Race, Rights and Utility
1.10 Racism and Universalizability
1.11 Conclusion

Chapter 2. SEXISM
2.1 Basic Questions about Sexism
2.2 What is Sexism?
2.3 What is a Sexist?
2.4 The Sexist's Burden of Proof
2.5 Is One Sex Innately Superior to the Other?
2.6 Ought One Sex to Dominate the Other?
2.7 Conclusion

Chapter 3. HISPANIC/LATINO ISSUES
3.1 Hispanics in America
3.2 Are Hispanics a Race or an Ethnic Group?
3.3 Naming
3.4 What Terms to Use and Who Should Decide?
3.5 Can Hispanic Be Defined?
3.6 Anti-Hispanic Discrimination
3.7 Hispanics, School Segregation, and Distributive Justice
3.9 Conclusion

Chapter 4. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND DIVERSITY
4.1 What is Affirmative Action?
4.2 The Evolution of Affirmative Action
4.3 Diversity to the Forefront
4.4 Affirmative Action and the University of Michigan
4.5 A Definition of Affirmative Action.
4.6 The Moral Issue.
4.7 Reparations?
4.8 Affirmative Action Distinguished from Reparations
4.9 Justice for Groups or for Individuals?
4.10 Is Affirmative Action Fair?
4.11 Diversity or Compensation for Past Injustice?
4.12 Conclusion

Chapter Five. SEXUAL HARASSMENT

5.1 What is Sexual Harassment?
5.2 The Potential for Misunderstanding
5.3 Sexual Harassment and Sex Discrimination
5.4 Is Sexual Harassment the Same as Sex Discrimination?
5.5 Sexual Harassment and Sexism
5.6 Sexual Harassment, Sexual Misconduct and Gender Harassment
5.7 Sexual Harassment and Privacy
5.8 Sexual Harassment and the University
5.9 Conclusion

II

PROFIT AND THE PLIGHT OF OTHERS

Chapter 6. CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY

6.1 The Problem
6.2 What are Corporations?
6.3 Liberal and Conservative Positions on Corporate Social Responsibility
6.4 What is the Basic Obligation of Corporations?
6.5 Possible Objections to Corporate Responsibility
6.6 What Social Responsibilities?
6.7 Non-maleficence
6.8 Corporations and Distributive Justice
6.9 Corporations and the Making of Moral judgments
6.10 Conclusion

Chapter 7. POVERTY AND WORLD HUNGER

7.1 What is Poverty?
7.2 Is Poverty Always Bad? Voluntary and Involuntary Poverty
7.3 How Serious a Problem is Poverty?
7.4 Are We Obligated Individually to Fight Poverty?
7.5. Are We Obligated Collectively to Fight Poverty?
7.6 Are Efforts to Fight Poverty Futile Under Present Socio-economic Conditions?
7.7 Conclusion

Chapter 8. CAPITALISM AND SOCIALISM

8.1 What are Capitalism and Socialism?
8.2 Freedom, Liberty and Rights
8.3 Natural Rights
8.4 Anarchism, Libertarianism, Conservatism and Liberalism
8.5 Liberty and Equality
8.6 Marxism
8.7 Historical Materialism
8.8 Surplus Value
8.9 A Capitalist Conception of Distributive Justice
8.10 Are There Contradictions within Capitalism?
8.11 Conclusion

III

ANIMALS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Chapter 9. CARING FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

9.1 Why Care for the Environment?
9.2 Basic and Derivative Moral Considerations
9.3 Who or What Warrants Basic Moral Consideration?
9.4 Anthropocentrism
9.5 Sentientism
9.6 Biocentrism
9.7 Does Nature as a Whole Warrant Basic Moral Consideration?