Introduction to Cities - Anthony M. Orum

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Résumé :

Preface ix

List of Illustrations x

List of Tables xvii

List of Boxes xviii

About the Authors xix

Acknowledgements xx

About the Companion Website xxii

Part I Foundations 1

1 Cities as places and spaces 2

Cities as places 6

Box 1.1 Studying the city 7

Identity, community, and security 10

Places as the site of our identity 10

Places as the site of community 11

Places as sites of security 13

Human beings make and remake places 13

Box 1.2 Planning and building the city 16

Place and space 17

Box 1.3 Making the city better 20

Cities shape the fates of human beings 21

Cities reflect changes in the contexts around them 22

2 Social theories of urban space and place: The early perspectives 26

The social and theoretical roots of modern urban theory 27

Box 2.1 Studying the city 29

Early European Theories: T?nnies and Simmel 30

Ferdinand T?nnies: Community and society 30

Box 2.2 Planning and building the city 31

Georg Simmel: The metropolis and mental life 32

The Chicago School of Sociology 34

The city as social space 35

The city as concentric zones 36

Assessing concentric zone theory 38

Human ecology 38

Life in the city as a way of life 40

Box 2.3 Making the city better 42

W.E.B. DuBois and the importance of race in the city 43

Evaluating early social theories of urban life 45

3 Social theories of urban space and place: Contemporary perspectives 49

A break with the past 50

Theoretical descendants of Marx 50

Manuel Castells and the urban question 50

David Harvey: Injustice and inequality in the city 51

Box 3.1 Making the city better 52

John Logan and Harvey Molotch: The city as a growth machine 54

Further reflections: Marx and the critique of modern cities 55

The return to place and the turn to culture 56

Jane Jacobs and the discovery of community in the modern metropolis 56

Box 3.2 Studying the city 57

Sharon Zukin and the turn to culture and consumption 59

From spaces of production to spaces of consumption 61

Going global 63

The rise of the global city and its metamorphosis 63

Box 3.3 Planning and building the city 65

A turn to the Global South and East 67

Evaluating theories of the city 68

4 Methods and rules for the study of cities 73

Validity and reliability in the study of cities 74

Box 4.1 Studying the city 77

Cities and the question of numbers 78

The city as a case study 79

The city as a stereotypical or prototypical case 80

Ethnographic and historical case studies 84

Box 4.2 Studying the city 85

Urban analytics 87

Box 4.3 Studying the city 90

From one to multiple cases 91

Theory, methods, and insights 92

Part II The Development of Urban Spaces and Places 97

5 Cities as dynamic spaces 98

Cities as dynamic spaces 99

Remaking the metropolis 99

Planning and metropolitan development 102

Box 5.1 Planning and building the city 105

Toward a postindustrial metropolis 106

Deindustrialization and urban transformation 106

The origins and impacts of global competition 107

The implications of deindustrialization for place and space 109

A changing urban landscape and hierarchy? 110

Los Angeles: The prototype of the postwar metropolis 111

Box 5.2 Studying the city 115

The metropolis's increasing scale and complexity 116

Infrastructure and techn...

Biographie:
KRISTA E. PAULSEN is Professor in the School of Public Service at Boise State University. She earned her PhD in Sociology from the University of California at Santa Barbara and has authored multiple books and articles in urban sociology. Her research examines change and stability in cities using qualitative and community-engaged methods. XIANGMING CHEN is Paul E. Raether Distinguished Professor of Global Urban Studies and Sociology at Trinity College, Connecticut. A comparative scholar of cities, his research addresses how cities change through the intersection of local factors and global forces, shaped by national policies and infrastructure development. ANTHONY M. ORUM is retired from the Departments of Sociology and Political Science at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He served as Founding Editor of City & Community from 2002 to 2009 and as Editor-in-Chief of The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Studies. He held a Fulbright Award at Fudan University in Shanghai....

Sommaire:

Preface ix
List of Illustrations x
List of Tables xvii
List of Boxes xviii
About the Authors xix
Acknowledgements xx
About the Companion Website xxii

Part I FOUNDATIONS 1

1 Cities as places and spaces 2
2 Social theories of urban space and place: The early perspectives 26
3 Social theories of urban space and place: Contemporary perspectives 49
4 Methods and rules for the study of cities 73

Part II THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN SPACES AND PLACES 97

5 Cities as dynamic spaces 98
6 Housing and neighborhoods 126

Part III POWER AND INEQUALITY IN CITIES 157

7 Difference and inequality in urban places 158
8 Migration's impact on cities 187
9 Power, authority, and conflict in cities 220

Part IV CITIES IN A NEW ERA OF GLOBALIZATION 247

10 Urbanization and cities in developing countries 248
11 Cities in the global economy 275

Part V CHANGES AND CHALLENGES FOR RESILIENT CITIES 305

12 Cities in a rapidly changing climate 306
13 The post-pandemic city 336

Glossary 368
Index 376