An Introduction to Metascience - Emma Goodall

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Résumé :

1 An introduction to metascience 1

1.1 What is metascience?

1.2 The intended audience of this book

1.3 Pedagogical features in this book

1.4 Summary of the upcoming chapters

1.4.1 Chapter 2 - Mitigating biases during the production and dissemination of research

1.4.2 Chapter 3 - Journalology: the science of publishing

1.4.3 Chapter 4 - The impact of funding agencies on the production of research

1.4.4 Chapter 5 - Improving the culture in research workplaces

1.4.5 Chapter 6 - Understanding and addressing QRPs

1.4.6 Chapter 7 - Addressing the reproducibility crisis

1.4.7 Chapter 8 - Ethics and metascience

References

2 Mitigating biases during the production and dissemination of research

2.1 Overview of biases in research

2.2 Biases whilst designing a study

2.2.1 Ethnocentric bias

2.2.2 Gender bias

2.3 Biases during data collection and analysis

2.3.1 Cognitive bias

2.3.2 Confirmation bias

2.3.3 Selection bias

2.3.4 Data collection bias

2.3.5 Measurement bias

2.3.6 Search engine bias

2.4 Biases during the reporting and dissemination of research

2.4.1 Time?lag bias

2.4.2 Place of publication bias

2.4.3 Citation bias

2.4.4 Checklists to detect bias in manuscripts

2.5 Biases in artificial intelligence

2.5.1 The role of artificial intelligence in the creation of literature reviews

2.5.2 Limitations of AI

2.6 Conclusion

Additional readings

References

3 Journalology: the science of publishing

3.1 A description and historical origins of journalology

3.2 The peer review process

3.3 Issues and potential improvements of the peer review process

3.3.1 Making peer review a teamwork effort

3.3.2 Avoiding publication bias and increasing transparency

3.3.3 Improving the accuracy of the peer review process

3.3.4 Reducing the duration of the peer review process

3.3.5 Other suggestions to improve the peer review process

3.4 Preprinted articles

3.5 The creation of predatory publishers and Beall's list

3.6 Consequences of predatory journals

3.6.1 Corrupting research

3.6.2 Undermining the training of scholars

3.6.3 Increased email correspondence to academics

3.7 Checklists and flow diagrams to identify predatory journals

3.8 Conclusion

Additional readings

References

4 Impact of funding agencies on the production of research

4.1 Improving the grant application process

4.1.1 Implementing a tw?stage application process

4.1.2 Overcoming the 'incumbency advantage'

4.1.3 Multiple application opportunities to reduce application burden and stress

4.1.4 Improving the quality of feedback that unsuccessful applicants receive

4.2 How funding agencies can improve the quality of research

4.2.1 Improving the evaluation of knowledge translation in research proposals

4.2.2 Addressing sex and gender bias in research

4.2.3 Preventing inappropriate influence by funding agencies

4.2.4 Making research reproducible

4.3 Conclusion

Additional readings

References

5 Improving equity, diversity, and inclusion in academia

5.1 Academic bullying

5.1.1 Overview of academic bullying

5.1.2 Factors that can cause and exacerbate academic bullying

5.1.3 Strategies to reduce academic bullying

5.2 Racism in research workplaces

5.3 Women in academia

5.3.1 Women's participation in academia

5.3.2 Factors that inhibit the inclusion and promotion of women in academia <...

Biographie:

1 An introduction to metascience 1

1.1 What is metascience?

1.2 The intended audience of this book

1.3 Pedagogical features in this book

1.4 Summary of the upcoming chapters

1.4.1 Chapter 2 - Mitigating biases during the production and dissemination of research

1.4.2 Chapter 3 - Journalology: the science of publishing

1.4.3 Chapter 4 - The impact of funding agencies on the production of research

1.4.4 Chapter 5 - Improving the culture in research workplaces

1.4.5 Chapter 6 - Understanding and addressing QRPs

1.4.6 Chapter 7 - Addressing the reproducibility crisis

1.4.7 Chapter 8 - Ethics and metascience

References

2 Mitigating biases during the production and dissemination of research

2.1 Overview of biases in research

2.2 Biases whilst designing a study

2.2.1 Ethnocentric bias

2.2.2 Gender bias

2.3 Biases during data collection and analysis

2.3.1 Cognitive bias

2.3.2 Confirmation bias

2.3.3 Selection bias

2.3.4 Data collection bias

2.3.5 Measurement bias

2.3.6 Search engine bias

2.4 Biases during the reporting and dissemination of research

2.4.1 Time?lag bias

2.4.2 Place of publication bias

2.4.3 Citation bias

2.4.4 Checklists to detect bias in manuscripts

2.5 Biases in artificial intelligence

2.5.1 The role of artificial intelligence in the creation of literature reviews

2.5.2 Limitations of AI

2.6 Conclusion

Additional readings

References

3 Journalology: the science of publishing

3.1 A description and historical origins of journalology

3.2 The peer review process

3.3 Issues and potential improvements of the peer review process

3.3.1 Making peer review a teamwork effort

3.3.2 Avoiding publication bias and increasing transparency

3.3.3 Improving the accuracy of the peer review process

3.3.4 Reducing the duration of the peer review process

3.3.5 Other suggestions to improve the peer review process

3.4 Preprinted articles

3.5 The creation of predatory publishers and Beall's list

3.6 Consequences of predatory journals

3.6.1 Corrupting research

3.6.2 Undermining the training of scholars

3.6.3 Increased email correspondence to academics

3.7 Checklists and flow diagrams to identify predatory journals

3.8 Conclusion

Additional readings

References

4 Impact of funding agencies on the production of research

4.1 Improving the grant application process

4.1.1 Implementing a tw?stage application process

4.1.2 Overcoming the 'incumbency advantage'

4.1.3 Multiple application opportunities to reduce application burden and stress

4.1.4 Improving the quality of feedback that unsuccessful applicants receive

4.2 How funding agencies can improve the quality of research

4.2.1 Improving the evaluation of knowledge translation in research proposals

4.2.2 Addressing sex and gender bias in research

4.2.3 Preventing inappropriate influence by funding agencies

4.2.4 Making research reproducible

4.3 Conclusion

Additional readings

References

5 Improving equity, diversity, and inclusion in academia

5.1 Academic bullying

5.1.1 Overview of academic bullying

5.1.2 Factors that can cause and exacerbate academic bullying

5.1.3 Strategies to reduce academic bullying

5.2 Racism in research workplaces

5.3 Women in academia

5.3.1 Women's participation in academia

5.3.2 Factors that inhibit the inclusion and promotion of women in academia <...

Sommaire:

Dr Gabriel Bennett, the pen name for Dr Matthew Bennett, holds a PhD in Disability Studies from Flinders University, Australia. He has lectured in Disability Studies at Griffith University, Queensland. He has also advised the Australian Government's Autism CRC and has published articles for the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. He is actively involved in supporting autistics to achieve their potential in society by disseminating his knowledge about the autism spectrum via lectures, conference presentations, and publications.

Dr Emma Goodall is an adjunct research fellow at the University of Southern Queensland, Australia, holds a PhD in Education, and is focused on teaching students on the autism spectrum. She is an executive member of the Australian Society for Autism Research, independent researcher through Healthy Possibilities, and a published author and keynote speaker in the areas of autism, sexuality and relationships, education, and interoception.