Hydrogen Energetics - Roman J Press

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Résumé :

Preface xiii

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Terminology 1

1.2 Sustainability and Climate Change 4

1.3 Decarbonization 4

1.4 Climate Change 5

1.5 Energy Ethics 10

1.6 Hydrogen Economy: Pros and Cons 11

1.6.1 Incentives for Transition to Hydrogen 11

1.6.2 Existing Limitations 12

2 Energy Resources 15

2.1 Nonrenewable Energy Sources 15

2.1.1 Advantages and Disadvantages 15

2.1.2 Coal 16

2.1.3 Petroleum 17

2.1.4 Natural Gas 19

2.1.4.1 Advantages and Disadvantages 19

2.2 Renewable Energy 22

2.2.1 Solar Energy 24

2.2.1.1 Solar Energy Benefits 25

2.2.1.2 Solar Energy Disadvantages 25

2.2.1.3 Solar Cells 26

2.2.2 Wind Energy 26

2.2.2.1 Advantages of Wind Power 28

2.2.2.2 Disadvantages of Wind Power 28

2.2.3 Hydroelectric Power 28

2.2.3.1 Advantages of Hydroelectricity 29

2.2.3.2 Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity 29

2.2.4 Biomass Energy 30

2.2.5 Biomass Energy from Landfills and Biofuels 32

2.2.5.1 Benefits of Biofuels 33

2.2.5.2 Disadvantages of Biofuels 33

2.2.5.3 Summary of Hay as a Biofuel 33

2.2.6 Geothermal Energy: Harnessing the Earth's Heat 34

2.2.6.1 Types of Geothermal Resources 34

2.2.6.2 Natural Hydrothermal Features 35

2.2.6.3 Advantages of Geothermal Energy 35

2.2.6.4 Challenges of Geothermal Energy 36

2.2.7 Geothermal Heating: Tapping into Earth's Stable Temperatures 36

2.2.7.1 How Geothermal Heating Works 36

2.2.7.2 Components of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems 36

2.2.7.3 Efficiency Comparison 36

2.2.7.4 Advantages of Geothermal Heating 37

2.2.7.5 Challenges 37

2.2.8 Ocean Energy: Harnessing the Power of Tides 37

2.2.8.1 Tidal Energy Mechanisms 38

2.2.8.2 Environmental Impact and Global Presence 38

2.2.8.3 Global Renewable Energy Trends 39

2.3 Nuclear Energy: An Alternative Power Source 39

2.3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Power 40

2.3.1.1 Advantages of Nuclear Power 40

2.3.1.2 Disadvantages of Nuclear Power 40

2.3.2 Nuclear Fission and Uranium Enrichment 41

2.3.3 Fusion: The Future of Nuclear Energy 42

3 Hydrogen Properties 47

3.1 General Characteristics and Physical Properties of Hydrogen 47

3.1.1 Chemical Properties of Hydrogen 50

3.1.2 Chemical Reactions of Hydrogen 51

3.1.3 Health Effects of Hydrogen 52

3.1.4 Hydrogen Isotopes 53

3.2 Hydrogen Bonding 54

3.3 Occurrence of Hydrogen 54

3.4 Comparing Hydrogen to Other Fuels 55

4 Fuel Cells: Essential Information 59

4.1 Overview 59

4.2 FC Technologies: Classification and Comparison 60

4.2.1 Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells 60

4.2.1.1 PEMFC Fabrication Hardware 63

4.2.1.2 Membrane Electrode Assembly 63

4.2.1.3 The Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) 64

4.2.1.4 The Electrodes 64

4.2.1.5 Bipolar Plates 64

4.2.1.6 The PEMFC Stack 65

4.2.1.7 Electrode Poisoning 66

4.2.1.8 FC Reformers 66

4.2.2 Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) 67

4.2.3 Electrodes in AFCs 68

4.2.4 Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) 69

4.2.5 Electrodes in MCFCs 71

4.2.6 Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) 71

4.2.7 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) 72

4.2.8 Electrodes in SOFCs 74

4.2.9 Direct Methanol Fuel Cell 75

4.3 FC Architecture 76

4.3.1 FCPS Subsystems 76

4.3.2 Balance of Plant 78

4.3.3 Membraneless FC 79

5 Hydrogen Technology Essentials 81

5.1 Hydrogen Safety 81

5.1.1 Liqu...

Biographie:
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Sommaire:

Roman J. Press, PhD, is an automotive industry professional with decades of experience in alternative fuel systems, most recently served as a Distinguished Researcher at the Rochester Institute of Technology, where his research and teaching focused on innovative alternative fuel solutions. Dr. Press has also held positions at General Motors, Quantum Technologies, and Xerox. His expertise is further solidified by numerous patents focusing on liquid/gaseous metering and the publication of college textbooks covering hydrogen power....