Prebiotic Chemistry - Fahrenbach, Albert

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Résumé :

• xix: Preface


• 1: Introductions to Basic Origins of Life Questions


• 1.1: What Is Life?


• 1.2: The RNA World Hypothesis


• 1.3: Prebiotic Chemistry and Chemical Evolution


• 1.4: Summary


• 1.5: Exercises


• 1.6: Suggested Reading


• 2: Origin of Earth, Its Atmosphere, and Oceans: The First Molecules


• 2.1: An Introduction to Geology


• 2.2: Formation of Earth and its Geological History


• 2.3: Earth's First Atmospheres: From Strongly to Weakly Reducing Mixtures


• 2.4: The First Organic Molecules: Exogenous Delivery, Endogenous Production, and Impact Synthesis


• 2.5: Oceans and Submarine Hydrothermal Vents


• 2.6: Land and Hydrothermal Fields


• 2.7: Summary


• 2.8: Exercises


• 2.9: Suggested Reading


• 3: An Overview of Biochemistry


• 3.1: A Brief History of Life on Earth


• 3.2: The Essential Features of Prokaryotes


• 3.3: DNA, RNA, and Proteins


• 3.4: Summary


• 3.5: Exercises


• 3.6: Suggested Reading


• 4: An Overview of Metabolism and Reaction Networks


• 4.1: Introduction to Metabolism


• 4.2: The Chemoton Model and the Organization of Cellular Metabolism


• 4.3: The Central Metabolic Pathways in Prokaryotes


• 4.4: Other Important Biosynthetic Pathways


• 4.5: Summary


• 4.6: Exercises


• 4.7: Suggested Reading


• 5: Sugars, Nucleobases and RNA: Prebiotic Ribonucleotide Synthesis


• 5.1: Sugar Nomenclature, Structure, and Stereochemistry


• 5.2: RNA Nomenclature and Structure


• 5.3: Prebiotic Sugar Synthesis


• 5.4: Nucleobase Synthesis


• 5.5: Ribonucleoside/tide Synthesis


• 5.6: Summary


• 5.7: Exercises


• 5.8: Suggested Reading


• 6: Aqueous Phase Amino Acid Chemistry


• 6.1: Amino Acid Structure and Nomenclature


• 6.2: Prebiotic Amino Acid Synthesis


• 6.3: Miller-Urey-type Experiments


• 6.4: Amino Acids in Meteorites


• 6.5: Summary


• 6.6: Exercises


• 6.7: Suggested Reading


• 7: Nonenzymatic Polymerization of Ribonucleic Acids and Peptides


• 7.1: Nonenzymatic Polymerization Is Thought to be a Prerequisite for Life's Emergence


• 7.2: Polymerization with Condensing Agents


• 7.3: Nonenzymatic Template-Directed Synthesis


• 7.4: Summary


• 7.5: Exercises


• 7.6: Suggested Reading


• 8: Protocells: Compartmentalization, Replication and Integrated Molecular Function


• 8.1: Protocells and the Importance of Compartments


• 8.2: Different Types of Protocell Compartments


• 8.3: The Chemistry of Lipid Membrane Vesicles


• 8.4: Prebiotic Fatty Acid and Phospholipid Synthesis


• 8.5: Nonenzymatic Template-Directed RNA Synthesis within Vesicles


• 8.6: An Introduction to Synthetic Biology


• 8.7: Summary


• 8.8: Exercises


• 8.9: Suggested Reading