Muon Spin Spectroscopy - Fleming, Donald G.

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Résumé :
In this timely overview of the hot topic, displaying both application range and perspectives, outstanding experts and pioneers in the field begin with an introduction to muonium chemistry and to the techniques of muon spin spectroscopy. All relevant areas of varying degrees of complexity are discussed, from chemical reactivity in the gas phase to condensed matter and biological systems, while a chapter on the latest developments and promising perspectives completes this unique book....

Biographie:

Preface ix

1 Perspective and Introductory Remarks 1

1.1 What Do Muons Bring to Chemistry? 1

1.2 Muon Facilities and Background to Experimental Muon Techniques 4

1.3 The Development of Muonium Chemistry 5

References 8

2 Muon Beams and Spin Spectroscopy 11

2.1 Spin-Polarized Muon Beams 11

2.2 Muon Decay and Detection of Its Spin Polarization 13

2.3 Continuous Versus Pulsed Muon Beams 14

2.4 ?SR Spectrometers 16

2.5 Spectroscopy of Muons in Diamagnetic Environments 18

2.5.1 Diamagnetic Muons in a Longitudinal Field 18

2.5.2 Diamagnetic Muons in a Transverse Field 19

2.5.3 Diamagnetic Muons in Zero Magnetic Field 22

2.6 Spectroscopy of Muonium 23

2.6.1 Muonium in a Transverse Field 24

2.6.2 Muonium in a Longitudinal Field 26

2.7 TF-?SR of Muoniated Radicals 28

2.7.1 Muoniated Radicals in Isotropic Environments 28

2.7.2 Muoniated Radicals in Anisotropic Environments 32

2.7.3 Polarization Transfer from Precursor to Radical 33

2.8 Avoided Level-Crossing Resonance of Muoniated Radicals 34

2.9 RF Muon Spin Resonance of Muoniated Radicals 39

2.10 Longitudinal-Field Repolarization Studies of Muoniated Radicals 40

References 43

3 Formation of Chemical States Incorporating Muons 45

3.1 ? + Charge Exchange and Mu Formation in the Gas Phase 45

3.2 Mu Formation and Track Effects in Dense Media 49

3.3 Chemical Processes Forming Muoniated Molecules 53

3.4 ? - Capture and Muonic Atoms 60

References 61

4 Chemical Reactivity and Dynamics in the Gas Phase 65

4.1 Muon Spin Spectroscopy Applied to Chemical Kinetics 65

4.2 Potential Energy Surfaces and Quantum Mass Effects 67

4.3 Theoretical Background to Rate Calculations for Bimolecular Reactions 71

4.4 Early Experimental Studies: Mu + Halogens 73

4.5 H Atom Abstraction Reactions 75

4.6 State-selected Reactivity: Mu + H 2 (v = 1) 77

4.7 Addition Reactions 79

4.8 A New Type of Chemical Bond: Br-Mu-Br Vibrational Bonding 84

References 86

5 Muonium Chemistry and Chemical Kinetics in Condensed Phases 89

5.1 Setting the Stage: Chemical Reactivity in Liquids vs. Gases 89

5.2 Muonium Diffusion in Water 90

5.3 Pressure and Density Dependence 92

5.4 Muon Spin Dephasing During Reaction 96

5.5 Additional Effects on Mu and H Kinetics in the Liquid Phase 99

5.6 Can Mu React by a Different Mechanism to H? 101

5.7 A Case Study of a Complex Reaction System: Mu + H 2 O 2 102

References 105

6 Muoniated Free Radicals 107

6.1 Isotropic Hyperfine Coupling 107

6.1.1 Isotropic Hyperfine Coupling Constants of ? Nuclei 108

6.1.2 Isotropic Hyperfine Coupling Constants of ? Nuclei 110

6.2 Isotope Effects on Muoniated Radicals 111

6.2.1 Bond Length 111

6.2.2 Hyperfine Constants 113

6.2.3 Conformational Preference 114

6.3 Intramolecular Motion of Muoniated Radicals 116

6.3.1 The Muoniated tert-Butyl Radical 116

6.3.2 Methyl Radicals 116

6.3.3 Other Alkyl Radicals 119

6.3.4 Mu Adducts of Carbonyls 119

6.4 Reorientational Dynamics of Muoniated Radicals 120

6.4.1 Dipolar Hyperfine Coupling Constants 120

6.4.2 Effect of Hyperfine Anisotropy on ? 1 and ? 0 Resonances 124

6.4.3 Anisotropic Motion of Muoniated Radicals in Solids 128

6.5 Solvent Effects on Hyperfine Coupling Constants 129

6.6 Kinetics of Reactions of Muoniated Radicals 131

6.6.1 Measuring Chemical Reaction Rates Using TF-?SR 131

6.6.2 Measur...

Sommaire:
Preface
1. Perspective and Introductory Remarks
2. Muon Beams and Spin Spectroscopy
3. Formation of Chemical States Incorporating Muons
4. Chemical Reactivity and Dynamics in the Gas Phase
5. Muonium Chemistry and Chemical Kinetics in Condensed Phases
6. Muoniated Free Radicals
7. Spin Relaxation Studies
8. Aspects of Materials Chemistry
9. Soft Matter, Organic Materials and Biological Systems
10. Future Developments and Outlook
Appendix A: Derivation of Muon Polarization Expressions
Appendix B: Muonium Rate Constants for Reactions in Solution
Index
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