Biophysics - Wayne F. Reed

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Résumé :

Preface xvi?

Acknowledgments xx?

About the Companion Website xxi?

Part I Scientific Overview, Biological and Biochemical Surveys 1?

1 Background Notions, Histories, and Fundamental Issues in Physics and Biophysics 3?

1.1 The Evolution of Scientific Thought 3?

1.2 Historical Sketch of Atomic Theory and Evolutionary and Genetic Thought 7?

1.3 Historical Developments in Biophysics 15?

1.4 Subfields in Biophysics 19?

1.5 Interdisciplinarity 20?

1.6 Disciplinary Physics 23?

1.7 Are Currently Known Physical Laws Adequate for Understanding Living State Phenomena? 28?

1.8 Unifying Characteristics of the Living State 29?

1.9 Summary 30?

2 Overview of Biological Cell Structure 34?

2.1 The Prokaryotic Cell 34?

2.2 The Eukaryotic Cell 36?

2.3 Plant Cell 37?

2.4 Where Do Viruses Fit in? 37?

2.5 Overview of Cell Functions 39?

2.6 Specialized Cell Types and Structures 44?

2.7 Molecular Biology Methods 50?

2.8 Summary 52?

3 Biochemistry Survey 53?

3.1 Amino Acids and Proteins 53?

3.2 Nucleic Acids 58?

3.3 Carbohydrates 62?

3.4 Lipids 64?

3.5 Metabolism 67?

3.6 Summary 73?

Part II Physical Processes Underlying the Living State 75?

4 Thermodynamics, Reaction Kinetics, and Information Theory 77?

4.1 Thermodynamically Based Forces 77?

4.2 Thermodynamic Laws 78?

4.3 Thermodynamic Processes Involving Ideal Gases 82?

4.4 Connection Between Ideal Gas Law and Molecular Kinetic Energy 84?

4.5 The Boltzmann Distribution 86?

4.6 The Partition Function 91?

4.7 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy 93?

4.8 Ideal Osmotic Solutions 94?

4.9 Working Substances and Bioenergetics Cycles 99?

4.10 The Hydrophobic Effect 99?

4.11 Surface Tension 99?

4.12 Thermodynamics of Multicomponent Solutions 102?

4.13 Chemical Potential for Nonideal Solutions 107?

4.14 Excluded Volume Approach to Nonideal Solutions 112?

4.15 Chemical Equilibrium 117?

4.16 Reaction Kinetics 122?

4.17 Phase Transitions 125?

4.18 Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics 126?

4.19 Information Theory 126?

4.20 Summary 132?

5 Electrostatics in Solution 137?

5.1 Review of Electrostatics (in MKSA Units) 137?

5.2 Covalent Bonds in the Living State are Stable Against Thermal Energy 144?

5.3 Weak Electrostatic Forces Allow for Self-organization and Rapid Dynamic Processes 144?

5.4 Hydrogen Bonds 147?

5.5 Electrically Charged Macromolecules and Colloids in Solution 148?

5.6 Poisson-Boltzmann Equation 148?

5.7 Osmotic Pressure of an Ideal Polyelectrolyte Solution with a Semi-Permeable Membrane: Donnan Equilibrium 158?

5.8 Self-energy of a Hydrated Ion 161?

5.9 Force on an Ion near an Interface of Two Media with Different Dielectric Constants 162?

5.10 Bjerrum Length and Counterion Condensation 163?

5.11 Summary 163?

6 Fluid Mechanics and Transport Processes 167?

6.1 Conceptual Approach to Viscosity 168?

6.2 The Stress Tensor 170?

6.3 Navier-Stokes Equation of Motion for Incompressible, Viscous Fluids 170?

6.4 Applications of Navier-Stokes for Steady Flow 173?

6.5 Hemodynamics 177?

6.6 The Intrinsic Viscosity [?] of Particles in a Fluid 177?

6.7 Force-Flux Relations 180?

6.8 Diffusion 184?

6.9 The Nernst-Planck Equation 189?

6.10 Fluctuation-Dissipation and a Qualitative Overview of Its Consequences 191?

6.11 Coupled Forces and Flows: Onsager's Reci...