Wolves and Dogs - Marshall-Pescini, Sarah

. .

Résumé :
Various parallels have been drawn between wolves and humans from the perspective of their social organisation. Therefore, studying wolves may well shed light on the evolutionary origins of complex human cognition and, in particular, on the role that cooperation played in its development. Humans closely share their lives with millions of dogs ? the domesticated form of wolves. Biologically, wolves and dogs can be considered to be the same species; yet only dogs are suitable living companions in human homes, highlighting the importance of cognitive and emotional differences between the two forms. The behaviour of wolves and dogs largely depends on the environment the animals grew up and live in. This book reviews more than 50 years of research on the differences and similarities of wolves and dogs. Beyond the socio-ecology, the work explores different theories about when and how the domestication of wolves might have started and which behaviours and cognitive abilities might have changed during this process. Readers will discover how these fascinating animals live with their conspecifics in their social groups, how they approach and solve problems in their daily lives and how they see and interact with their human partners.

Biographie:
Friederike Range received her Master in Animal Physiology at the University of Bayreuth (1998) and her PhD at the Dept. of Psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, USA (2004). This was followed by post-doctoral fellowships at the Konrad Lorenz Forschungsstelle at Gr?nau (2004-2005), and at the Dept. of Neurobiology and Cognition, University of Vienna (2005-2008), both Austria. In 2011, Friederike Range moved to the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, where she habilitated and in 2018 became an Associate Professor and head of the Domestication Lab. 2007 she co-founded the Clever Dog Lab, 2008 the Wolf Science Center. Both labs are embedded today in the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna and have developed into internationally highly regarded research groups. Friederike Range is interested in the evolution of mind and her research focuses on social behavior and cognitive abilities of non-human animals. Her early research career concentrated mainly onprimates, but she is now primarily focused on investigating dogs and their closest wild-living relatives, wolves. Sarah Marshall-Pescini graduated in Psychology from St Andrews University (1998) and then went on to do her PhD (2003) at the same University working on social learning in children and chimpanzees. After the PhD, she returned to Italy, her home country, working at Milan University for 8 years, setting up a dog cognition lab. Since 2013 she has joined the team at the Wolf Science Centre and later the Domestication Lab at Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology (Veterinary University of Vienna), where she now works as a senior scientist. Since 2016 she co-supervises a field site studying free-ranging dogs in Morocco and another studying wild wolves in the Italian Apennines. Her research focuses on the social behaviour of wolves and dogs....

Sommaire:

Chapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Comparing the behaviour and cognition of wolves and dogs.- Chapter 3: The socio-ecology of wolves.- Chapter 4: The socio-ecology of Free-ranging Dogs.- Chapter 5: Social dynamics between conspecifics.- Chapter 6: Social behaviour with humans.- Chapter 7: Social Cognition Part I: Communication with humans.- Chapter 8: Social Cognition Part II: Social learning & Cooperation.- Chapter 9: Physical Cognition Part I: problem solving and its correlates.- Chapter 10: Physical Cognition Part II: Learning and reasoning.- Chapter 11: Domestication hypotheses relating to behaviour and cognition - which are supported by the current data?.